4. In the Open field test, hypoxia exposure significantly reduced the number of peripheral line crossings, reducing peripheral time, increasing the number of central line crossings and central time in the hypoxic group H rats compared with the previous hypoxia, but the change was not significant. Hypoxia exposure significantly reduced the number of peripheral line crossings, reducing the number of central line crossings and central time in the hypoxic group SH rats, but the change was not significant, there was no significant change in peripheral time. Hypoxia exposure significantly reduced the number of peripheral line crossings and peripheral time, increasing significantly the number of central line crossings and central time in the hypoxic group HH rats. Hypoxia exposure significantly reduced standing time in the hypoxic group H/HH rats. The standing time was reduced in the hypoxic group SH rats too, but the change was not significant.

In conclusion:

After hypoxia exposure, rats had a significant stress response and are more preferent for palatable foods, increasing the intake of palatable foods. Rats increasing palatable foods intake can effectively alleviate the hypoxic stress responses. In this process, the rewarding properties of palatable foods played a major role, while the energetic properties of palatable foods may also have some impact. Complex interplay between rewarding properties and energetic properties is more complex than we imagined. Therefore, further research is necessary.

毕业论文关键词：应激行为； 奖赏性食物；低氧暴露

Keyword: Stress behaviors； Palatable foods； Hypoxia

 目    录

目    录 5

1 引  言 6

2 实验材料与方法 7

2.1 实验动物 7

2.2 实验器材 7

2.3 实验方法 7

2.3.1 体重测定 7

2.3.2 摄食量及摄水量测定 8

2.3.3 行为实验 8

2.4 数据统计处理 8

3 实验结果 9

3.1 低氧暴露对体重的影响 9

3.2 低氧暴露对饲料摄取量的影响 9

3.3 低氧暴露对奖赏性食物偏爱的影响 10

3.4 低氧暴露对总能量摄取的影响 12

3.5 低氧暴露期间大鼠对奖赏性食物的偏好及其食物属性对应激行为的影响 12

3.5.1 高架十字迷宫实验 12

3.5.2 旷场实验 14

4 结论与讨论 16

参考文献 17

致谢 17 

1 引  言

应激反应是机体通过一系列生理或心理变化积极维持稳态的适应过程，即从原先的平衡状态达到新平衡状态以适应内外部因素变化的过程。机体通过应激反应进行自我调节具有一定的范围。当应激反应持续时间过长或强度超过适宜范围，就会引起内分泌、神经、免疫等多个系统的功能紊乱，从而引发焦虑样和/或抑郁样行为[1]。低氧应激反应是机体常发生的一种应激反应。高原环境大气中O2含量降低、外呼吸功能障碍、贫血等等环境与生理性因素都可能导致低氧应激反应。低氧应激反应往往对人正常的生理或心理活动造成不良影响。典型的症状有头痛，食欲减退，呼吸困难等，严重者甚至会出现昏迷、死亡等症状[2]。