摘要: 奶酪是一种发酵的牛奶制品,是一种具有极高营养价值的乳制品,是多种牛乳营养成分的浓缩精华,它的营养价值远远高于牛奶,主要的发酵菌是乳酸细菌,少数发酵菌是霉菌。本课题的目的是利用分子生物学方法对乳酸菌混合菌群进行定量分析,将不同种类的奶酪中相同菌种的不同基因片段,并确定相同菌株的遗传关系。课题根据文献报告,选择几种分子标记,对不同菌种的对应基因序列进行比对,绘制系统发育树,对各分子标记的区分度进行评判。通过建立发育树进行比对发现不同种类奶酪的相同菌株的不同基因基因片段的比对结果差异较小,不同菌株的基因片段比对结果差异较大。50035
毕业论文关键词:乳酸细菌;16s RNA;奶酪;分子标记;系统进化树
Comparison of the phylogenetic relationships of commonly used molecular markers in lactic acid bacteria
Abstract: Cheese is a kind of fermented milk products,is a kind of dairy products with high nutritional value,is the concentrated essence of milk nutrients,its nutritional value is much higher than milk,the main fermentation bacteria are lactic acid bacteria,a small number of fermentation bacteria are mold.The purpose of this study is to make a quantitative analysis of lactic acid bacteria mixed flora by molecular biology methods,the same species of different kinds of cheese in the different gene fragments,and determine the genetic relationship of the same strain.According to the literature report,Select several molecular markers,compared to the corresponding sequences of different strains,draw the phylogenetic tree,judging of the pision of molecular markers.By comparing the results of different gene fragments of different kinds of cheese,the comparison results of different gene fragments were small, and the results were different.
Key words:Cheese;Lactic Acid Bacteria;16s RNA;Molecular Markers;Phylogenetic tree
目录
摘要 i
Abstract i
目录 ii
1绪论 1
1.1课题的目的和意义 1
1.2奶酪 1
1.3乳酸细菌 1
1.4分子标记 2
1.5系统进化树 3
1.6系统进化树的构建原理 4
1.6.1软件介绍 4
1.6.2算法介绍 5
1.7 GenBank数据库 7
2材料与方法 8
2.1材料 8
2.1.1使用的数据库 8
2.2.2MEGA5.1的使用方法 8
2.2.316S rDNA基因序列分析的原理 9
2.3实验方法 9
2.3.1查找不同种类奶酪发酵过程中出现的菌种 9
2.3.2在GenBank数据库中搜索菌种的基因序列 10
2.3.3构建系统发育树 12
3结果与分析 13
3.1结果 13
3.2分析 14
4结论与展望 15
4.1结论