摘要黄山栾树因树形端庄整齐，花和果较特别，且为区乡土树种，在园林绿化中应用越来越常见。在户外实地和室内通过显微镜，对该树种花的形态和传粉特征进行了观察，为其生物学研究提供了资料。实验表明，黄山栾树圆锥花序，单性花同序，多数是雄花，末级小花序基部花常为雌花。花冠常为黄色，少数，特别是雌花，花冠的上部为红色；略有香气，未见分泌液。雄花具有开花不发育的雌蕊，雌花具有开花不发育的雄蕊。雌蕊1枚，雄蕊常8枚。花冠和花盘常偏斜，花冠向远轴而花盘向近轴偏斜。花瓣基部有爪，上部分的瓣片长椭圆型且在开花后常向外下折。瓣爪和花丝具较密集长绒毛。花瓣或花萼片鲜见5枚，多数为4枚。花盘内细胞具有浓厚细胞质且无维管束，花瓣片基部鳞片细胞质也较为浓厚，子房表面分布稀疏的小头状毛。子房上半部无中轴而只有1室,子房下半部具3室和1中轴，每室在中轴顶端着生上下排列2胚珠。花具有昆虫传粉形态特征，花序上或周围见有活动的蜂类。72078

该论文有图21幅，参考文献23篇。

毕业论文关键词：黄山栾树  花  形态组成  腺体  昆虫传粉  维管束

Morphological Characteristics of Flowers and Pollination of Koelreuteria bipinnata var。 integrifoliola

Abstract Due to the beautiful and neat tree shape, special flowers and fruit, it’s more and more common seen that Koelreuteria bipinnata var。 integrifoliola is widely applied in landscape as a native species。 Through field practice outdoors and the microscope in the laboratory, we observed the characteristics of the flower morphology and pollination to provide new reference materials for the studies of biology。 The result showed that Koelreuteria bipinnata var。 integrifoliola grew with panicle inflorescences, one of which consisted of the female flowers and the male flowers。 The majority of the flowers in the same inflorescence were female, and there was generally a female flower on the base of an grade-final inflorescence-let。 The color of the corollas was yellow and that of the minor flowers especially for the female was red on the upper part of the corolla。 The flower sent out faint scent, but no secretion droplet。 There were usually eight stamens and one pistil in a flower。 The male flower had a pistil which had not developed in blossom, and the female flower had stamens which had not developed。 In addition, the corolla and its flower disc were both declining, but their directions were opposite, the former was toward the abaxial and the later was toward the adaxial。 The petal had its lower claw, and its upper lobe usually turned downwards and outwards。 There were longer villi on the claw and the stamen filament。 A flower was mostly of four sepals or petals but sometimes five。 There was no vascular bundle in the flower discs but with dense cytoplasm, and the lower extension scale of the upper petal are also with the dense cytoplasm, and there were head-shaped epidermal hairs sparsely distributing on the surface of ovary。 The lower half of the ovary had a central axil with 3 rooms, in which there were two ovules in top-bottom arrangement near the top of the central axil; the upper part has no axial and only one room。 The flowers of Koelreuteria bipinnata var。 integrifoliola have the morphological features of insect pollination, and some bees have been found around the flowers or the inflorescence。

Key Words: Koelreuteria bipinnata var。 integrifoliola  flower  morphology      gland  insect pollination  vascular bundle 

目  录

摘要Ⅰ

Abstract-Ⅱ

目录Ⅳ

图清单-Ⅴ

1 绪论-1

2 材料与方法2