摘要 近二、三十年来国际上蛇毒的研究进展十分迅速,每年有大量的研究论文发表在毒研学、生物化学、药理学和毒理学等各类专门杂志上。本论文研究的是孟加拉眼镜蛇。孟加拉眼镜蛇是一种大型前沟牙毒蛇。眼镜蛇毒是由眼镜蛇的毒腺分泌的一种天然毒蛋白，其化学成分非常复杂，含有多种蛋白质、多肽、酶类和其他小分子物质，具有广泛的生物学活性。它的毒素含有强烈的神经毒素及细胞毒素。被咬伤后会出现痛楚和肿胀，早期症状包括眼睑下垂，复视，吞咽困难，晕眩，呕吐继而逐渐出现呼吸肌麻痹，严重的甚至会死亡。因此针对蛇毒酶活性与致死毒性是近年来我国以及国外的研究课题之一。本次研究以孟加拉眼镜蛇为对象，检测其对特异性底物的水解作用及对小白鼠致死毒性和肌肉毒性，分三个方面来讲诉；1、以酪蛋白、大豆凝集素、异亮氨酸为对象，检测孟加拉眼镜蛇毒蛋白水解、磷脂酶A2和L氨基酸氧化酶活性。2、以小白鼠为对象，腹腔注射不同梯度蛇毒检测半致死毒性。3、以小白鼠为对象，肌肉注射4ug/20g剂量蛇毒，检测蛇毒的肌肉毒性 。实验结果表明：蛇毒蛋白水解酶类孟加拉眼镜蛇毒中含量较高；用Spearman–寇氏法计算LD 50得孟加拉眼镜蛇毒在小白鼠体内有潜伏期，蛇毒浓度越高，小白鼠死亡率越大，反之则越小；孟加拉眼镜蛇毒神经毒素注射液具有一定急性毒性,且其毒性作用可能主要累及肌肉神经系统。75264

Abstract  In recent two, thirty years, the research progress of snake venom is very rapid, there are a lot of research papers published in various kinds of special magazines, such as research, biochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology。 The study of this paper is the Bengal cobra。The Bengal cobra is a large front tooth。 Cobra venom is secreted by cobra venom gland of a kind of natural toxin protein, its chemical composition is very complex, containing a variety of proteins, peptides, enzymes, and other small molecular substances, with a wide range of biological activities。It contains toxin neurotoxin and cytotoxin strong。 After being bitten there will be pain and swelling, early symptoms include ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia, dizziness, vomiting and the gradual emergence of respiratory muscle paralysis severe or even death。 The snake venom enzyme activity and toxicity is in recent years in China as well as the research of abroad。This study to monocled Cobra for object detection role in the hydrolysis of substrate specificity and to mice death and muscle toxicity，In three ways：one, casein, soybean agglutinin, isoleucine as the object, the Bangladesh cobra venom protein hydrolysate, phospholipase A2 and L amino acid oxidase activity detection。 two, mice as the object, intraperitoneal injection of different gradient of snake venom detection of semi lethal toxicity。 three, to mice as the object, muscle injection of 4ug/20g dose of snake venom, detection of muscle toxicity of snake venom。Experimental results show that:The content of snake venom protein hydrolytic enzyme is higher in Bangladesh cobra venom；Spearman - Karber's method for computing LD 50 Bengalese Cobra venom in mice in vivo incubation period, the higher the concentration of snake venom, the greater the death rate of mice，and vice versa；Cobra neurotoxin injection has a certain toxicity, and its toxicity may be mainly involved in neuromuscular system。

毕业论文关键词：蛇毒； 酶活； 致死毒性；方法；检测

 Keyword: Snake venom；Enzyme activity；Lethal toxicit；Method; Testing

目录

目录 4

引言 5

1 材料与方法 6

  1。1  实验材料