摘要：Penicillium digitatum是果蔬采后主要的病原真菌，对果蔬的贮藏具有极大的危害，因此，寻找有效的防治方法具有重要意义。本研究从腐烂的柑橘中分离主要致病菌，经rDNA-ITS法进行鉴定后，利用不同浓度的外源硼酸（BA）处理病菌，确定最低抑菌浓度，并通过生理、生化指标以及果实接种实验，研究了外源BA与P。digitatum发育及致病力的关系。实验结果表明：分离的病原菌为P。digitatum；BA的抑菌效果与浓度成正比；在最低抑菌浓度下，可以显著抑制P。digitatum的孢子萌发，延缓芽管伸长及菌丝扩展速度，降低病原菌生物量积累，引起病原菌糖吸收障碍，并对柑橘绿霉病有明显的防治作用。本研究为果蔬采后病原菌P。digitatum的防治提供了新的思路。76646

Abstract Abstract:Penicillium digitatum is a major postharvest pathogen and is quite harmful to fruit and vegetable preservation。 Therefore, it is necessary to search for an effective control method。 In this study, we isolated the main pathogen from naturally infected citrus and identified it by rDNA-ITS method。 Then minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of exogenous antifungal substances were confirmed by different concentrations of exogenous boric acid (BA)。 The relationship between BA and growth or pathogenicity of the pathogen were evaluated via assessment of physiological, biochemical indexes and inoculation experiment of fruits。 The results indicated that the isolated pathogen was identified as P。digitatum。 BA could inhibit the growth of P。digitatum and the behavior were dose-dependent。 Furthermore, antifungal substances with MICs all could inhibit spore germination, reduce germ tube elongation and mycelium extension rate, lower biomass accumulation, result in sugar malabsorption of P。digitatum, and effectively control green mold of citrus caused by P。digitatum。 This study provides a new approach to control postharvest horticulture pathogens potentially of fruit and vegetable。 

毕业论文关键词：硼酸；柑橘；Penicillium digitatum；抑菌作用；贮藏保鲜 

Keywords: Boric acid; citrus; Penicillium digitatum; Antifungal activity; Preservation and freshness

目录

摘    要 2

1 引言 4

2 材料与方法 5

2。1 菌种及主要试剂 5

2。2 病原菌的分离及rDNA-ITS法鉴定 5

2。3 BA最低抑菌浓度的确定及对P。digitatum芽管伸长的影响 6

2。4 BA对P。digitatum菌落扩展的影响 6

2。5 BA对P。digitatum菌丝生物量积累及总糖吸收率的影响 6

2。6 BA对P。digitatum侵染柑橘的影响 7

2。7 数据统计与分析 7

3 结果与分析 7

3。1 形态学观察结合遗传背景分析确定分离的病原菌为P。digitatum 7

3。2 BA对P。digitatum孢子萌发率的影响 9

3。3 BA对P。digitatum芽管伸长及菌落扩展的影响