摘要:甲醛(HCHO),在常温下是一种无色、有刺激性气味、易溶的液体,化学性质和生物学性质较活泼,作为室内空气污染的一种,是世界上公认的潜在致癌物。因此,国内外一致对控制和治理空气中甲醛污染的研究高度重视。本研究从树林落叶密集采集甲醛污染土壤样品,筛选出在高甲醛浓度生长旺盛的菌株2~3株,最后再通过高浓度甲醛为唯一碳源的摇瓶上进行复筛,最终筛选出1株高降解率的菌株,并对筛选出的菌株进行鉴定,初步鉴定该菌株为微球菌属,并将之命名为HD-6。进一步研究分析了该菌的降解甲醛特性:在含甲醛液体培养基中,该菌降解1d,其甲醛降解率达到64。0%;在模拟甲醛污染空气中,相比对照组,该菌协助金边吊兰降解空气中甲醛的速率显著提高。本论文研究结果,可为家居中甲醛的快速消除提供新的思路。77622
毕业论文关键词:微球菌属,甲醛,筛选,降解,金边吊兰
Abstract:Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a kind of liquid which is colorless, with pungent odor and easy to dissolve at room temperature。 It’s chemical and biological properties are lively。 As a kind of indoor air pollution, it is recognized as the potential carcinogens all over the world。 Therefore, great attention is paid to this problem At home and abroad。 We pick soil samples which is polluted by formaldehyde from forest and sift 2~3 strains which are able to be alive in High formaldehyde concentration 。Then repeat sift strains by shaking the whole culture and get one strain which has High degradation rate 。We find it is a Micrococcus and named it HD-6。Further study of formaldehyde degradation of the bacteria: in medium containing formaldehyde liquid and biodegradation with one day, the formaldehyde degradation rate reach 64。0%; in the simulation of formaldehyde pollution in the air, compared with the control group, the bacteria assist Var marginatum degradation in air rate increases significantly。
Key word: Micrococcus, Formaldehyde, Sifting, Degradation,Var marginatum
目 录
1 前言 1
1。1 室内甲醛污染的来源 1
1。2 室内甲醛污染对人体的影响 1
1。3 降解空气中甲醛浓度的方式及原理 1
1。4 研究目的和意义 1
1。5 实验思路设计 3
2 材料与方法 4
2。1 材料 4
2。1。1 原料 4
2。1。2 试剂 4
2。1。3 培养基及试剂 5
2。1。4 仪器 6
2。2 方法 4
2。2。1 甲醛降解菌的初筛 6
2。2。2 甲醛降解菌的复筛 7
2。2。3 菌落形态观察及生理生化特性研究 7
2。2。4 影响甲醛降解菌降解能力因素的研究 8
2。2。5 甲醛溶液含量的测定 9
3 结果与分析 11
3。1 甲醛降解菌株的筛选及鉴定 11
3。1。1 菌株分离及筛选 11
3。1。2 鉴定——形态学鉴定法和生理生化实验 11
3。2 甲醛降解菌能力测定