摘要本文对加拿大一枝黄花内生菌菌丝体色素进行了成分鉴定和化感作用研究。菌丝 体用 70 %乙醇萃取，所得色素粗提物水溶液对芝麻、油麦菜和小麦进行化感作用测 试，测定种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、茎长、根长、根重、茎重、叶重、可溶 性糖含量、蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量等生理生化指标。结果表明粗提液浓度为 0。5 mg/mL 时，三种测试植物的生长受到抑制作用较强，且幼苗中的光合色素含量随浓 度增高而逐渐降低，对于小麦则表现出低促高抑的作用。通过硅胶柱层析分离技术和 薄层层析（TLC）检测方法，对粗提物进行纯化分离，洗脱出 15 个组分，通过相似 组段的合并最终得到 3 个合并组段。结合 TLC 薄层色谱法和显色剂显色，初步鉴定 出该菌丝体色素提取物属于酚类物质。将 3 个合并组段稀释成浓度为 0。5 mg/mL 的水 溶液，分别检测各组段对芝麻及油麦菜种子的化感作用，确定化感抑制活性最强的组 段为合并组段 1，其对芝麻和油麦菜的综合化感作用指数分别为-0。26、-0。49。80727

关键词：植物内生菌；色素提取液；化感作用；抑制活性

Abstract In this paper,the allelopathy and component of mycelium pigment of an endophytic fungus from solidago canadensis L。 Were studied。Crude extract obtained by 70 ethanol was used to test the allelopathy to sesame,lettuce and wheat,determining the physiological and biochemical indexes such as germination  rate,germination  potential,germination index,stem length,root weight,stem weight,leaf weight,soluble sugar  content,protein content and chlorophyll content。Result showed that when the crude extract concentration was 0。5 mg/mL,the growth of the three tested plants was inhibited more strongly,and the photosynthetic pigment content decreased with the increase of the concentration。The function to wheat tended to promote in low concentration and inhibit in high concentration。The  crude  extract was  purified  by  silica  get chromatography  column and

thin- layer chromatography（TLC）detection method。There were 15 groups eluted from the

crude extract which finally were combined into 3 groups through the merger of similar groups。The three combined groups were further analyzed and identified to phenolic compounds through TLC thin layer chromatography and color reagent。Three combined groups were detected the allelopathy to sesame and lettuce with the concentration of 0。5 mg/mL。The combined group 1 showed the strongest effect and the comprehensive indexes were 0。26 and -0。49 respectively。

Key words: Endophyte; pigment extraction; chemical action; inhibitory activity

目 录

第 1 章 绪 论 1

1。1 引言 1

1。2 加拿大一枝黄花 1

1。2。1 加拿大一枝黄花的危害 1

1。2。2 加拿大一枝黄花的有效成分 2

1。2。3 加拿大一枝黄花的化感作用 2

1。3 植物内生菌 3

1。3。1 植物内生菌的概念 3

1。3。2 植物内生菌的研究 4

1。4 植物内生菌提取液对植物的化感作用 4

1。5 入侵植物的防治对策 5

1。6 对于入侵植物的展望 5

第 2 章 材料与方法 7

2。1 实验材料