摘要离子液体是一类由离子组成的有机盐。与传统有机溶剂相比，离子液体具备低蒸 汽压、溶解能力良好等特质。根据可持续发展的需要，要实现离子液体工业化应用， 必须先研究其可能对环境造成的影响。藻类是研究毒理学理想的指示性生物。本文旨 在研究不同侧链长度的离子液体对微藻的毒性作用，为离子液体对环境影响提供实验 数据的支撑。82339

本研究通过不同浓度的离子液体在 0h、24h、48h、72h 和 96h 时对三角褐指藻的 生长、叶绿素 a 浓度、非光化学淬灭（NPQ）和量子产率（QY），以及 96h 时的蛋 白含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）含量、 过氧化物酶（POD）含量。结果表明：（1）在适当的浓度范围内，所选用的离子液 体严重抑制三角褐指藻的生长，这种抑制作用可能是由藻细胞膜被破坏引起的。（2） 低浓度离子液体可诱导藻细胞合成超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）等 可溶性蛋白，抵抗离子液体的胁迫；但高浓度离子液体又会使 SOD 等酶活力降低。

（3）随着离子液体浓度的升高，藻细胞中丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）含量显 著增加，表明细胞中活性氧自由基（Reactive oxygen species，ROS）过量积累，破坏 聚球藻细胞膜结构，导致细胞损伤。因此，离子液体可通过破坏藻细胞膜的结构与功 能，导致细胞变形、分裂，从而影响藻细胞的生长繁殖，这将为探讨离子液体的毒性 效应机制及其环境危害评估提供数据资料和科学依据。

毕业论文关键词：离子液体；三角褐指藻；毒性效应

Abstract Ionic liquid is a kind of Organic salt made up with ions。Comparing with the triditional organic solvent, ionic liquid shows the features of low  vapor  pressure, marvelous ability to dissolve and so on。 Due to the requirements of continously development, only if we have researched the impact it would bring to environment , that we can wide utilization in the industry。 Algae is one of the most ideal crestures to do some research on toxicology。 This article was aimed to discover the toxic action on microalgae which caused by ionic liquid with different sidechain length, and provide support research data delicate in how ionic liquid influnce the environment。

The research focused on the effect of ionic liquid with different concentration to the growth speed, chlorophyll a concentration, NPQ and QY  of the Phaeodactylum tricornutum

on 0h、 24h、48h、 72h and 96h of every day。 Besides this, it also needed to record  the

Protein content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) content, peroxidase (POD) content of the Phaeodactylum tricornutum。 The research claims that: (1)In certain concentration, the selected ionic liquid severely depress on the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which probably due to the destroy of algae cell membrane。 (2)Low concentration ionic liquid could lead the Synthesis of superoxide dismutase and other soluble proteins from algae cells to reject  the  threat of ionic liquid。 However, high concentration ionic liquid could contribute the decrease the activity of SOD and other enzymes。 (3)With the increase of the concentration of ionic liquid, malondialdehyde(MDA) in algal cells content  significantly  increased, indicating that cells in reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessive accumulation of which will destroy the poly Synechococcus cell membrane structure and function, suffered a serious injury to the cells。 Therefore, the ionic liquids can be through the destruction of  algae  cell membrane structure and function, leading to cell deformation, split, thus affecting the growth and reproduction of algae, which will explore the mechanism of the toxic effect   of