摘要以入侵植物空心莲子草（Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb）为研究对象， 通过保持或者切断基端分株和顶端分株之间的匍匐茎连接，研究克隆整合作用对 克隆植株抗病的影响。

实验结果显示：入侵植物空心莲子草的抗病能力显著高于本地植物苋菜；保 持克隆整合的植株存在着明显的“劳动分工”现象，即空心莲子草主动将资源分配 到基端植株的地下部分和顶端植株的地上部分，植株的克隆整合作用显著提高了 顶端分株的生物量，茎长，茎节数，叶片数等；而切断克隆整合作用的植株则不 存在这种井然有序的分工合作。空心莲子草基端分株在被病原真菌侵染后，其本 身获得了诱导抗病性，对保持克隆整合作用的植株，植株通过克隆整合作用提高 其相连分株的抗病性。保持克隆整合作用的分株，能更好地降低或者减轻病原真 菌对植物体产生的危害。

由上述结果推测，入侵克隆植物的抗病性显著提高后，有利于其在竞争中处 于优势地位。空心莲子草的克隆整合作用，不仅提高了克隆植株的抗病性，还提 高了其在逆生境中的存活率，促进了植物生长，一定程度上提高了其竞争力和入 侵的成功率。83156

毕业论文关键词：植物入侵；空心莲子草；克隆整合；抗病性

Abstract An invasive clonal weed Alternanthera philoxeroides was chosen as the experimental material to study the effects of clonal integration on the resistance to fungi pathogen。 The results show: the pathogenic resistance of A。 philoxeroides was significantly higher than the native plant Amaranthus mangostanus。 It was found that ramets with clonal integration have clear "pision of labor" phenomenon。 The A。 Philoxeroides allocate more resources to the belowground biomass of basal ramets and the above-ground biomass of apical ramets。 The integration of cloning plants significantly increased the role of biomass to the top of ramets, shoot length, and number of leaves, while the labor pision did not exist in the severed treatment。 After being infected by pathogen, the content of phenol and flavonoids increased in leaves。 Also, the infected area was significantly smaller than the plants which hold clonal integration, improve the resistance of the connected ramets。 Clonal integration could promote the pathogen resistance of clonal plants。 Presumably from the above results, Clonal integration not only improved the disease resistance, but also improved the survival rate。Thus, the promotion of the resistance could increase the competition abilities of invasive plants in invaded habitats, and to some extent, improve the competitiveness success of invasion。

Keywords: plant invasions; Alternanthera philoxeroides; clonal integration; resistance

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 植物入侵 1

1。1。1 植物入侵及其危害 1

1。1。2 植物入侵机理 3

1。2 入侵植物的抗病性 4

1。2。1 植物的抗病性 4

1。2。2 植物的被动抗病性 4

1。2。3 植物的主动抗病性 5

1。3 克隆整合 7

1。3。1 克隆整合的定义 7

1。3。2 克隆整合研究现状 7

1。4 入侵植物空心莲子草 8

1。4。1 空心莲子草的危害