摘要激光雷达回波信号的数字化仿真与分析是全波形激光雷达探测技术的一项重要研究内容。不同的目标结构，会导致不同的回波信号生成，从而对激光雷达的测距、成像等特性产生影响。本文把脉冲式激光雷达测距作为出发点，忽略了激光散斑和大气传输对激光回波波形的影响环节，主要研究比较理想情况下的目标表面结构对激光回波波形的影响。给出了激光雷达的测距原理，建立了典型目标表面结构的表面方程，在此基础上，在matlab的编译环境下建立了数字化仿真程序，建立了激光雷达回波信号的数字化仿真模型，包括激光发射脉冲的模型和典型目标的脉冲响应模型以及回波信号模型。 65582

毕业论文关键词  激光雷达，回波信号，目标结构，仿真模型

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title    Laser radar echo signal digital simulation                     

Abstract

Digital simulation and analysis of laser radar echo signal is an important content in the research of the full waveform detection laser radar technology. Different target structure, will lead to different echo signal’s generation, thereby it also have impact on the laser radar range characteristics and imaging characteristics. This paper, put the pulsed laser radar range as a starting point, ignored the affected areas like laser speckle and atmospheric transmission, we mainly study the target surface structure on the impact of laser echo waveform in the idea case. Given the laser radar ranging principle, establish surface equation of some typical target surface structure, on this basis, establish a digital simulation program in the MATLAB compiler environment, establish a laser radar echo signal digitization simulation model, the model includes a laser emitting pulses and the typical pulse response model and the target echo signal model.

Keywords：Laser radar, Echo signal, Target structure, Simulation model

目   录

1 引言 1

1.1  研究背景及意义 1

1.2  国内外的研究进展 2

1.3 本文的主要研究工作 2

2  激光雷达测距的理论基础 3

2.1  激光雷达的工作机理 3

2.2  激光雷达的测距原理 3

2.3  本章小结 4

3  激光雷达回波信号的数字化仿真 4

3.1  激光雷达回波信号的理论基础 4

3.2  激光雷达发射脉冲的仿真模型 6

3.3  激光雷达目标脉冲响应的仿真模型 7

3.4  本章小结 9

4. 典型目标表面结构的激光雷达回波信号 9

4.1 激光雷达回波的数值仿真流程 9

4.2 激光雷达系统参数及典型目标结构参数 10

4.3 典型目标结构的表面方程 11

4.4 典型目标结构的回波信号