摘 要纳米氧化锌（ZnO）是一种新型的多功能无机材料,由于其独特的光催化性和抗菌性，在光降解污染物和抗菌方面有极大的应用前景。目前，纳米氧化锌作为抗菌剂在国内还不是很普遍，光催化材料仍然处于研究阶段。控制纳米氧化锌的形貌会改变氧化锌粉体的很多性能，比如抗菌性和光催化性。因此，本文采用了直接沉淀法，制备出不同形貌的纳米氧化锌粉体，通过不同参数控制形貌，从而改变纳米氧化锌的抗菌性能和光催化性。86683

以硫酸锌和氢氧化钠制备出了柱状的纳米氧化锌，在pH为11时，当温度从60℃变为90℃时，氧化锌由板块状变为柱状；在温度为60℃时，当pH由6变为13时，氧化锌由片状变为柱状。以醋酸锌和氨水为原料，制备出了花状的纳米氧化锌，在温度为60℃时，当pH从10变为12时，其形貌由不规则的花状变为规则的花瓣状。以氯化锌和氢氧化钠为原料制备出片状和棒状的纳米氧化锌，在温度为60℃时，当pH从6变为13时，其形貌由片状变为棒状。以大肠杆菌为菌株，研究纳米氧化锌抗菌性能，结果显示：柱状氧化锌粉体颗粒尺寸较小，比表面积大，抗菌性好。以甲基橙为模型，研究光催化性，结果显示：柱状纳米氧化锌颗粒小，比表面积大，光催化性好。

关键词：纳米氧化锌；形貌控制；直接沉淀法；抗菌性；光催化性

Abstract

Nanometer zinc oxide (ZnO) is a new kind of multifunctional inorganic materials, because of its unique optical catalytic and antimicrobial properties, in the light degradation of pollutants has great application prospect and antibacterial。 At present, the nano zinc oxide as an antimicrobial agent in domestic also is not very common, photocatalytic materials is still in research stage。 Control of nanometer zinc oxide morphology of zno powder will be many properties, such as antimicrobial properties and catalytic properties。 Therefore, this article used the direct precipitation, the preparation of the different morphology of nano zinc oxide powder, through different morphology parameters and control, which changes the antibacterial properties of nano zinc oxide and light catalytic。

Preparation of the columnar with zinc sulfate and sodium hydroxide nanometer zinc oxide, when pH is 11, when the temperature from 60 ℃ to 90 ℃, the zinc oxide by plate shape into a column。 When the temperature was 60 ℃, when pH changed from 6 to 13, zinc oxide by sheet into a column。 Zinc acetate and ammonia as raw materials, the preparation of the flower of nanometer zinc oxide, the temperature of 60 ℃, when pH from 10 to 12, its morphology by irregular flower petal shape into rules。 With zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide as raw material preparation of flake and rod-shaped nano zinc oxide, the temperature of 60 ℃, when pH from 6 to 13, its morphology changed from flake to stick。 For e。 coli strains, the nano zinc oxide antibacterial properties, and the result shows: the columnar zno powder particle size small, specific surface area is big, good antimicrobial properties。 With methyl orange as model, the light catalytic, the result shows: the columnar nanometer zno particles small, specific surface area is big, good photocatalysis。

Keywords: nano-zinc oxide ；morphology control ；direct precipitation method ；antibacterial property；photocatalysis

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1引言 1

1。2氧化锌纳米材料简介 1

1。3氧化锌在抗菌方面的研究概述 1

1。4纳米氧化锌主要制备方法 2

1。4。1机械法 3