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摘 要作为语言的精华，习语已渗透到人类生活的各个方面，因此习语翻译的确切性得变越来越重要。在相关翻译理论的基础上，本文主要讨论了习语翻译的直译与意译法，并结合实例全面分析了直译与意译在习语翻译中的重要作用。通过分析得出结论，在习语的翻译中，应以直译法为主、其他译法为辅,并强调了直译法的适用性、有效性和可行性。整篇论文的意义在于在研究直译与意译的基础上准确翻译汉英习语，这对语言学习也具有重大指导意义。31189
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毕业论文关键词：习语；直译；意译
Abstract As the essence of language, the idiom has penetrated into all aspects of human life, so the accuracy translation of idioms is becoming more and more important. On the basis of the relevant theories of translation, the paper mainly discussed literal translation and free translation of idiom’s translation .With the help of the detailed examples, the paper thoroughly analyses the importance of literal translation and free translation in the process of idiom’s translation. By the analysis, a conclusion is drawn that when translating idioms, literal translation plays a major role with the other translation methods as supplementary and the applicability, effectiveness and feasibility of literal translation are emphasized meanwhile. The significance of the whole paper lies in the accuracy translation of idioms on the basis of analysis on the literal and free translation, which will also be great significance to the language learning.
Key words: idiom; literal translation; free translation
The Overview on Literal Translation and Free Translation from the Aspect of Translation between English and Chinese Idioms
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II.The Background Information of Idioms 2
2.1 The Definition of Idioms 2
2.2 The Characteristics of Idioms 2
2.2.1 The Fixed Structure 2
2.2.2 The Historical and Cultural Characteristics 3
2.2.3 The Distinctive Images 3
2.2.4 Semantic Unity 3
2.3 The Origin of English and Chinese Idioms 4
III.Translation Methods of Chinese and English Idioms 5
3.1 The Literal Translation Method 6
3.2 Free Translation Method 9
3.2.1 The Definition of Free Translation 9
3.2.2 Free Translation and Random Translation 10
IV. Dispute between Literal Translation and Free Translation 11
V. Conclusion 12
Bibliography 13
Acknowledgements 14
I. Introduction
As the essence of language, idioms have penetrated into every aspect of language. According to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, “an idiom is a fixed group of words with a special different meaning from the meaning of the separate part of the language.” British linguists, Jennifer Seidl said，“Idioms are not a separate part of the language which one can choose to either to use or to omit, but they form an main part of the general vocabulary of English.” In other words, English idioms are fixed expressions or phrases and often carry meanings, which can’t be deduced from their inpidual components. In a broad sense, English idioms include slang expressions, set phrases, proverbs, allusions, colloquialisms and so on.
Idioms have strong national colors and distinctive cultural connotations. Some idioms are explicit; some are implicit and can arouse all kinds of imaginations; some can include more than one meaning and we can judge it from the context. What’s more they are important rhetorical devices of the language and centralized expressions of rhetorical devices as well. Lots of idioms have the following characteristics: symmetry in form, beauty in syllable and harmony in meter. As Zhang Peiji said, they are crystals of wisdom and essence of English language and culture (30). The quality of translation largely depends on the translation of idioms. Thus, the translation of idioms is a hard job. Not only should an excellent translator faithfully represent the meaning of the idiom in his target language, but also have the flavor of the idioms, such as associations, rhetorical effects, national features and local color. There are many methods in translation, such as literal translation, free translation, annotation, adaptation, and so on. In this paper, literal translation and free translation will be mainly discussed. The principles of translation, the definition and examples of free translation and literal translation will be talked about.