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摘要语言是人与人交流的最重要的方法，也是保持社会关系的重要手段。然而又有很多东西是不能直接说的，有很多词语会让人尴尬和不愉快。因此，为了避免冒犯错以及误会，人们在交流的时候通常用一些间接的以及令人愉快的表达来代替那些令人不高兴的粗鲁的词语。那些词语就叫做委婉语。委婉语在人们的日常交流中扮演着重要的角色。委婉语是为了避免禁忌语，且存在于各种文化和社会中。为了帮助语言学习者更好的了解和掌握委婉语，这篇论文主要讨论了英语委婉语和中国委婉语在文化上的不同.本文介绍了委婉语的定义以及委婉语，语言以及文化三者的关系，同时主要对比了有关死亡，贫困，婚姻，怀孕和疾病方面的中英委婉语。所以，要学好一门语言，就有必要了解这门语言的关于委婉语的文化。18950
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毕业论文关键词：委婉语；定义；特点；文化；差别
Abstract One of the most important ways for our human beings to communicate with others is language. Language is an important means for people to maintain their social relationship. However, there are many things which are supposed to be unspeakable. Many words also make people embarrassed and unhappy. So, in order to avoid the offensiveness and misunderstandings, people usually use the indirect or pleasant expressions to replace those unpleasant and rude words in communication. We call that euphemism. Euphemism plays an important role in peoples social communication and exists in almost every culture and society. In order to help the language learner to understand euphemism better, this thesis mainly explores the cultural differences between English and Chinese euphemisms. This paper introduces the definition and features of euphemism and the relationship between euphemism, language and culture. It makes a contrastive study of English and Chinese euphemism from these aspects: euphemisms of death, poverty, marriage, porce, name, money and disease. So, if the language learners want to learn a foreign language well, it is better to has a good knowledge of its culture.
Key Words: euphemism; definition; feature; culture; difference
Cultural Differences between Chinese and English Euphemisms
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
Ⅰ.Introduction 1
Ⅱ. The Character of Euphemism 1
2.1 The Definition of Euphemism 1
2.2 The Features of Euphemism 3
Ш. The Relationship Between Euphemism, Language and Culture 4
3.1 The Definition of Culture 4
3.2 Language and Culture 4
3.3 Euphemism, Language and Culture 5
3.4 A Brief History of Chinese Euphemism 5
3.5The Cultural Difference Between China and America Viewed from Euphemism 5
Ⅳ. Comparison About English and Chinese Euphemism 6
4.1 Euphemisms for death 6
4.2 Euphemisms for Birth 7
4.3 Euphemisms for Old Age 8
4.4 Euphemisms for Marriage and Divorce 9
4.5 Euphemisms for Name 9
4.6 Euphemism for Money 10
4.7 Euphemism for Disease 10
Ⅴ. Conclusion 11
Bibliography 13
Acknowledgments 14
Ⅰ.Introduction
Euphemism is a common linguistic phenomenon in different cultures. It is deeply rooted in social life and it strongly reflects social values. It is a culture phenomenon as well as a linguistic concept. As a component of language, the English and Chinese euphemisms have undergone the changes of times and cultures. Euphemism are an effective expression that is created when people are intent to realize the expecting results in the social communication. It turns unpleasant or embarrassing occasion or situation into more soft, polite context. It is not only a figure of speech but also a kind of culture phenomenon. The use of euphemism is a common phenomenon. It is widely used in every social class and each domain; it is not only the need of social people, but also an important means of coordinating interpersonal relations and social relations in verbal communication. It also used to substitute of taboos. Although much effort has been put into showing politeness, human communication cannot always be carried on smoothly. So we use euphemism. Through the study of euphemisms and taboos of China and the west, it provides an effective aspect to learn the two totally different cultures, and benefits us to understand of the essence and connotation of western culture in a certain extent. In contrast to western religion, hierarchy and the different embodiment of etiquette, euphemism reveals the background of Chinese and Western culture.