中英预设触发语比较研究

菜单

Abstract Presupposition is one of the widely discussed issues in the field of linguistics not only in semantics but also in pragmatics. Presupposition is common in our language use and there always exists presupposition in people’s communication. Presupposition triggers, sources of presupposition, are generally associated with specific lexical items or grammatical utterances. They are structures or items that mark the existence of presuppositions in utterances, which are generally known by the speakers. Domestic researches on presupposition triggers have become more and more independent of foreign theories and made great progress on the study of Chinese presupposition triggers, especially complement structure and some specific sentence patterns. However, less attention has been paid to comparative study of English and Chinese presupposition triggers. This thesis has attempted a look into the development of the study on presupposition and summarized the similarities and differences between presupposition triggers in English and Chinese so as to smooth intercultural communication and enlighten translation and teaching practice.53813

Keywords: English presupposition triggers; Chinese presupposition triggers; development of presupposition triggers; comparative study

摘要预设是语言学领域的课题，在语义学和语用学领域都很热门。预设在语言使用中非常普遍，在人们的交流中总是存在着预设。预设触发语通常被认为和具体的词或者有语法特征的话语有关联,是预设的来源。这些词或结构可以让言语双方清楚语篇中存在的预设。国内对预设触发语的研究向着汉语实际出发，在汉语预设触发语的研究上取得了很大进步，尤其是述补结构和汉语特殊句型预设的探讨，但是仍缺乏对英汉预设触发语的对比研究。本文首先探讨了国内外对预设的研究的发展，接着从词汇和句法两个层面探讨了中英预设触发语的相同之处和不同之处，希望能减少跨文化交际过程中的阻碍，并为翻译和教学实践提供有益的启发。

毕业论文关键词：英语预设触发语；汉语预设触发语；预设触发语的发展；对比研究

Contents

1. Introduction 1

2. Literature Review 1

3. Development of the Study of Presupposition Triggers 3

3.1 Study on English Presupposition Triggers 3

3.2 Study on Chinese Presupposition Triggers 6

4. The Similarities between English and Chinese Presupposition Triggers 9

4.1 The Similarities at Lexical Level 9

4.2 The Similarities at Syntactic Level 10

5. The Differences between English and Chinese Presupposition Triggers 12

5.1 Marking by Voice Stress 12

5.2 Comparison and Contrast 12

5.3 Non-Restrictive Relative Clauses 13

5.4 Culture-Loaded Presupposition Triggers 13

5.5 Change of State Predicates 14

5.6 Implicative Predicates 14

5.7 Some Specific Structures in Chinese 14

6. Implication 15

7. Conclusion 16

Works Cited 17

1. Introduction

Presupposition is common in our language use. It originated in the tradition of philosophy and then came into the field of linguistics. There always exists presupposition in people’s communication, which is the shared information of speakers or the background information of the conversation. Presupposition is not the sentence’s presupposition but the speaker’s presupposition.