摘要目的 通过问卷调查和职业体检了解上海铁路局某机务段高铁司机的心血管健康状况并分 析其影响因素，为后续高铁司机的健康管理提供依据和参考。

方法 本研究以 2016 年夏季上海某铁路局全体高铁司机为研究对象。先进行面对面访谈和 跟车观察，再对该机务段高铁司机进行现场问卷调查，结合 2016 年铁路局例行职业体检数 据获取统计分析资料；利用 Epdata 进行问卷录入，后将结果导入 SPSS 进行数据分析。源Q于D优G尔X论V文Y网wwW。yOueRw。com 原文+QQ75201`8766

结果   上海该机务段高铁司机半数吸烟或喝酒，缺乏运动锻炼，睡眠质量不佳，存在不同程度的工作倦怠，同时心血管健康状况不容乐观，包括未达到临床诊断标准的异常检出率 如下：血压 66。36%，血糖 10。75%，血脂 67。76%，心电图 28。97%，存在较高的潜在心血管 病风险。工作倦怠（OR=0。70）、机车乘务员年限（OR=1。11）与血压异常有关；高铁司机 年限（OR=1。16）、停车间隙起身活动（OR=0。31）、停车间隙上厕所（OR=0。21）与血糖异 常有关；超重（OR=2。00）、文化程度（OR=0。56）、心血管病家族史（OR=1。92）与血脂异 常有关；年龄（OR=1。64）、高脂饮食（OR=2。43）与心电图异常有关。

结论   上海某机务段高铁司机的心血管健康状况不容乐观，存在较高的潜在心血管病风险。对心血管健康有保护作用的影响因素有文化程度、工作习惯（停车间隙起身活动、停 车间隙上厕所）；对心血管健康有危害作用的影响因素有高龄、超重、心血管病家族史、 高脂饮食、机车乘务员年限、高铁司机年限。职业因素中的工作习惯是影响血糖的重要因 素；生活行为方式中仅有体重控制和饮食习惯对心血管健康有影响。

建议   高铁司机的心血管健康管理的开展可主要从工作习惯着手，其次是体重控制和饮食习惯，再根据年龄、家族史、文化程度、工作年限和心血管异常的差异进行个体化健康管 理方案的调整。具体有开展心血管健康教育，养成良好的工作习惯，倡导平衡膳食，组织 学习工间操，提供提高睡眠质量的建议，改善工作环境，舒缓工作压力等。88865

Abstract Objective To investigate the cardiovascular health status of high-speed rail drivers in a locomotive depot of Shanghai Railway Bureau through questionnaire and occupational examination, and to analyze their influencing factors and provide the basis and reference for the health management。

Methods This study was conducted by the whole railway driver of a locomotive depot in Shanghai in the summer of 2016。 First conduct face-to-face interviews and follow-up interviews, and then conduct on-site questionnaire survey for all the section of the high-speed rail drivers, combined with the 2016 Railway Bureau routine occupational examination data to obtain statistical analysis data; use Epdata questionnaire entry, the results into SPSS for data analysis Results the Shanghai locomotive depot of the high-speed railway drivers are half smoking or drinking, lack of exercise, have poor quality of sleep and different degrees of job burnout, while cardiovascular health status is not optimistic。 including failure to meet the clinical diagnostic criteria abnormal rate is as follows: blood pressure is 66。36%,  blood sugar is 10。75%, blood lipids is 67。76%, electrocardiogram is 28。97%, there is a high risk of potential cardiovascular disease。 Job Burnout (OR = 0。70), locomotive crew duration (OR = 1。11) was associated with abnormal blood pressure。 High - speed rail driver years(OR = 0。16), get up activities in cut-off interval (OR = 0。31), go for toilet in cut-off interval (OR = 0。21) was associated with abnormal blood sugar。 Overweight (OR = 2。00), educational level (OR = 0。56), family history of cardiovascular disease (OR = 1。92) were associated with abnormal blood lipids。 Age (OR = 1。64), high fat diet (OR = 2。43) were associated with abnormal electrocardiogram。