摘要近年来,由于环境污染和生态破坏的日益加剧,世界各国兴起了对清洁能源 的探索和研究。与此同时,船舶行业产生的大量污染,迫使整个行业进行优化升 级。天然气(Nature Gas,NG)作为全球储量相对丰富,且污染较小的原因,而 倍受青睐。以液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)作为动力的船舶便在此时 应运而生。但是,由于 LNG 的储存状态较为特殊,使用前需要将其从-163℃提 升到 5℃,才能使用。而现有的 LNG 船大都是直接同海水进行换热,造成了巨 大的冷量流失,也对海洋生态造成了极大的污染和破坏。84898
利用 LNG 冷能的冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统,不仅能让大量冷能物尽其用,同 时也比传统的船用空调系统有着更好的经济性。本文主要研究利用 LNG 冷能的船 舶冰蓄冷低温送风的空调系统对人体热舒适性的影响。通过对典型船舶舱室进行 建模分析,运用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)技术进 行模拟研究。通过比较几种不同送风方式和送风温度下的舱室热舒适性和空气品 质,对如何营造一个热舒适性和空气品质较好的室内环境进行探讨,确认相对适 宜的低温送风形式。
毕业论文关键字:LNG 动力船;冰蓄冷;低温送风;CFD;热舒适性;
Abstract In recent years, all the countries throughout the world exert their efforts to probe and research on the clean energy for the severe environmental pollution and ecological damage。 Meanwhile, huge pollution of flue gas compel the whole ship industry to optimize and upgrade it’s industrial structure。 Nature gas (NG), as a clean energy, comes to the prime place for its abundance。 The ship actuated by LNG attracts the attention of scientists and researcher gradually at this time of great change。 LNG, however, must be used in gaseous state, which means the system need to handle with the immense temperature difference raised from 163℃ to 5℃。 what is worth to attaching our sights to is that the existing LNG ship processes heat exchange with sea water directly, which is going to generate a mass of loss of cold energy, contaminate the environment and destroy the ecology at the same time。
Air conditioning of ice-storage with cold supply temperature taking advantage of cold energy generated from heat exchanging of LNG, is more economical than traditional marine air conditioner。 The influences of the system on thermal comfort is researched in this paper by modeling in math and physics。 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will be adopted to analyze。 Comparing the air quality and thermal comfort in several air supply method and air supply temperature to discuss how to set up a suitable indoor air environment in proper supply model。
Keywords: LNG ship;Ice-storage;Cold air supply; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Thermal comfort;
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1。1 研究背景及意义 1
1。2 当今船用空调存在的问题 1
1。3 空调蓄冷技术研究现状 2
1。4 低温送风空调系统的发展和现状 3
1。4。1 低温送风的原理 3
1。4。2 低温送风空调研究现状 4
1。5 室内气流组织的模拟方法 5
1。6 课题研究的方法及内容 6
第 2 章 数值模拟理论基础及方法 7
2。1 FLUENT 软件简介[14]