-
摘要高速公路前置指路标志设置形式和距离对分流区及匝道出口的的安全性有较大影响，对于引导驾驶员找到正确出口并安全驶离也具有重要的作用。如果设置形式或设置距离不合理，例如距离出口太近，驾驶员可能来不及变换车道而错过目标出口，或者需要采取突兀的驾驶行为以强制抵达目标匝道；如果太远，驾驶员看不到出口而重新返回原来车道，增加了不必要的车道变换，大大增加了行车的危险性。因此需要研究并确定前置指路标志的合理设置形式及距离。本论文首先分析了三种不同设置形式（路边直立式、路上横跨式及中央架设式）的特点及适用条件，然后根据驾驶员的驾驶行为特征（认知感应、车道变换、加减速等），道路交通条件（主线车道数，主线和匝道设计速度等）以及标志牌的设置特征（设置形式、横向偏移、纵向偏移等），确定了三种不同前置指路标志的设置距离。最后将本文所得距离分别与我国现行规范以及MUTCD中规范的距离进行了安全对比。我国正在开展高速公路网重新编号命名及配套标志牌更新工作，本研究将为前置指路标志的距离设置提供了理论依据。7233
- 上一篇：区域性应急物流信息平台设计研究+文献综述
- 下一篇：我国校车安全管理策略研究+文献综述
关键词：高速公路；出口；前置指路标志；设置形式；设置距离；安全
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title: Placement Distance of Advance Guide Signs on Freeway Exits
Abstract
Freeway exit advance guide signs play an important role in guiding drivers to exit freeways and expressways by providing them the direction information and the distance to the upcoming exit. Drivers depend highly upon advance guide signs to help them find their target exits on unfamiliar freeways. Unfamiliar drivers may not response timely and correctly after seeing the signs. To minimize the number of wrong lane changes, unnecessary lane changes and sharp deceleration/acceleration, the advance guide signs should be placed in correct type with a suitable distance in advance of the target exit. Only by doing so can we guide the drivers to move to their target lane at a right time and thus reduce the probability of crash occurrence and improve the safety performance of exit ramp. We presented advance guide sign placement distance models respectively for the three different installation methods: ground sign installation, overhead sign installation, and median sign installation. The factors, such as freeway geometric design, traffic conditions, driver behavior, exit ramp type, and post speed limits on freeway and ramp, were taken into consideration while modeling. The results show that there is difference between the placement distances calculated using our models and that directly derived from MUTCD. It shows our models is more safety. These findings, not intent to replace but to supplement the guidelines in current MUTCD, will provide transportation engineers and technicians a more reasonable and detailed guidelines in transportation planning and design.
Keywords: freeway；exit；advance guide signs；installation methods；placement distance；safety
目 录
第一章 绪论 5
1.1立题背景及意义 5
1.2国内外研究现状 5
1.3研究目标及主要内容 7
1.4研究思路及技术路线 7
第二章 AGS设置形式及设置距离影响因素分析 9
2.1 AGS设置形式及其适用性 9
2.2 影响因素分析 10
2.3 驾驶行为分析 13
第三章 AGS设置距离研究 15
3.1 模型假设 15
3.2 建模 16
第四章 AGS设置形式及距离设计系统 19
4.1软件功能介绍 19
4.2软件设计开发过程介绍 19