摘要本点火器用于固体火箭发动机实验，通过点火头点燃火药包，引燃固体推进剂。由于以前很多点火器是手动点火，从而本次设计的为小型智能点火器，是基于51单片机所控制。实现定时点火和测点火头的好坏（主要为电阻测量）两个功能。人机连接方面有4×4矩阵键盘控制，以及一个LCD12864显示器来显示控制状态。显示界面提供了“设置点火时间”和“检测点火头”两个菜单选项。点火控制通过单片机IO口输出电平来控制继电器的通断，电阻测量通过模数转换的方法测出点火头的电压，在根据运算放大器的运放原理测出电阻。基于点火头到一定电流则会点火，故不用电表测量。为保证系统安全性，采用单片机模块与点火模块分开设计的方案，即两个模块不共地。63539

毕业论文关键词：点火器  51单片机  Lcd12864  模数转换  测电阻

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title            Small intelligent igniter                

Abstract

The igniter designed is for solid rocket engine experiment, through the igniter ignites the powder bag, complete the fire task. As before a lot of igniter is manual ignition, the design is a small intelligent igniter, the control based on 51 single chip microcomputer. It can realize the ignition timing and match quality (mainly resistance measurement) two functions. The man-machine connection is based on 4 * 4 matrix keyboard control, and a LCD12864 display to show the state of control. Display interface provides "set the ignition time" and "detection ignition head" two menu options. Ignition  is controlled by SCM IO port output level off, resistance measurement by means of ADC measured voltage ignition head, in according to the operational principle of the operational amplifier to measure resistance. When ignition head get to a certain current will be ignited, so cannot use meter measurement. In order to ensure the system security, the SCM module and the ignition module is separated, namely the two modules are not use common ground.

Keywords   Igniter   51 MCU   LCD12864   ADC   resistance measured

目   次

1 绪 论 1

1.1 项目研究背景 1

1.2 研究的目的及意义 1

1.3 项目研究涉及的相关知识 1

1.3.1 单片机 1

1.3.2 电路设计 2

1.3.3 LCD显示控制 2

1.3.4 目前发展趋势 2

1.3.5 研究方法 3

1.3.6 论文结构： 3

2 电路基础 4

2.1 51单片机 4

2.2 电源模块 6

2.3 显示模块 7

2.3.1 主要技术参数和显示特性: 7

2.3.2 模块引脚说明 8

2.3.3 LCD设计所用的指令表 9

2.3.4 LCD电路的连接图 11

2.4 键盘模块 11

2.5 程序下载模块 12

2.5.1 MAX232相关引脚介绍 12

2.6 A/D转换模块