摘要：计算机虚拟技术的发展，让化工园区灾害的应急响应演习过程可以通过虚拟现实技 术来实现。本文探索和研究未来虚拟现实演练系统的理论基础和现状。通过高斯算法与 ALOHA 绘制威胁区域的算法相结合计算出有害气体泄露后的危及范围，并将结果与 ALOHA 软件模拟相对比，验证该算法的正确性；通过 FDS 模拟气体泄露，则可以得到动态危及范 围和实时浓度变化，可应用在事故发生后的事故总结分析处；应用 FDS 软件做人员应急疏 散部分；应用 FDS 与 sketchup 进行灾害发生现场的环境建模，并将所得到的危及范围、 人员疏散部分以及环境建模部分应用到虚拟现实系统中。在此基础上结合企业应急响应计 划的要求搭建虚拟现实系统框架，验证演练方案的有效性和重现灾情的发展过程，有效提 高事故演练的针对性。通过制造不同的事故情况，改变参与人员的数目、事故发生的地理 位置、涉及化学物质类型和各种事故类型，如泄漏、火灾、爆炸等，打破了空间、时间的 限制，并且不需要进行真实事故演习就可以直观的体现应急计划设计不足的地方，最后大 大降低了应急推演所需要的成本，节约了人力、物力。66245

毕业论文关键词： 应急响应；泄露；虚拟现实；疏散模拟

Language Learning

Abstract：The development of computer virtual technology, so that the chemical park disaster emergency response exercise process can be achieved through the virtual reality technology. This paper explores and studies the theoretical basis and current situation  of  future virtual reality training system. The Gaussian algorithm is combined with the algorithm of ALOHA to map the threat area to calculate the critical extent of the leakage of harmful gases,  and compared with the ALOHA simulation to verify the correctness of the algorithm. By FDS simulation of gas leakage, we can get the dynamic risk range and Real-time concentration changes can be applied to the accident summary analysis; By FDS to do emergency evacuation of personnel; application of FDS and sketchup disaster environment modeling. The extent  of the hazard, personnel evacuation and environment modeling part is applied to the virtual  reality

system. On this basis, combined with the requirements  of the enterprise emergency response plan to build a virtual reality system framework to verify the effectiveness of the exercise program and reproduce the disaster development process, effectively improve the relevance of the accident drill. By creating a different accident situation, changing the number of participants, the location of the accident, the type of chemical substance involved and the types of accidents, such as leakage, fire, explosion, etc., break the space, time constraints, and do not need to be true Accident drills can be intuitive to reflect the lack of emergency planning design, and ultimately greatly reduce the cost of emergency deduction, saving manpower and material resources.

Keywords：Emergency Response； leakage；Virtual Reality；Mass Evacuation simulation

目录

1 引言 1

1.1 课题背景 1

1.1.1 国内外研究现状 1

1.1.2 灾害的性质 2

1.1.3 化工园区氯气的风险环节 3

1.2 事故案例及分析 4

1.3 虚拟现实系统简介