摘要在控制系统中电动机作为被控对象，要使控制系统达到期望输出就要用到控 制器。控制器的结构有开环以及闭环控制，闭环控制由于有反馈环节所以系统误 差比较小，所以能够获得临近期望值的输出值。对于线性系统来说，闭环系统多 采用基本的 PID 控制器，若控制的对象是非线性强耦合以及多时变的系统，电 机的参数也会随着运行状态的改变而改变，此时 PID 控制器并不适合用在这样 的系统上，所以本论文尝试采用模糊逻辑理论的电机控制方式，并将此方法与传 统的 PID 控制器方式进行模拟仿真结果的比较。72241

第 1 章的介绍内容是控制系统的发展历史以及寻求新控制方式的迫切性；第

2 章是以直流无刷电机为例介绍电机的主要知识如结构、工作原理、模型以及开 环闭环控制方式的优缺点；第 3 章主要介绍传统的 PID 的工作原理以及工作方 法；第 4 章围绕模糊控制的相关内容的介绍，并创建模糊控制系统模型；第 5 章的内容是围绕 MATLAB 的使用以及仿真结果展示与分析。结果比较得出基于 模糊逻辑的控制系统比传统的 PID 的控制系统具有更快的响应速度，更小的超 调量，更适合用于高精度的非线性系统。

毕业论文关键词：无刷直流电机  PID 控制器  模糊控制 MATLAB

Simulation Design of Motor Control System Based on Fuzzy Logic

Abstract The motor as the controlled object in the control system, to make the control system to achieve the desired output will be used in the controller。 There are two controller structures： open-loop control and closed-loop control。 There is feedback link in the closed loop control so the system error is relatively small。 As a result, an

output value which is close to the desired value can be obtained。 For linear systems, the basic PID controller will be mostly used in the closed-loop system。 If the control object is nonlinear, strong coupling and multi variable system, motor parameters will change with the change of running state。 Under such circumstances, PID controller is not suitable。 So in this thesis, the author attempts to use the fuzzy logic  theory of motor control and make a comparasion of the simulation results between this method and the traditional PID controller。

Chapter 1 discusses the development of control system and the urgency of the quest for new control; Chapter 2 introduces the main knowledge of motor such as structure, working principle, model and the advantages and disadvantages of  open loop control and closed loop control(taking brushless DC motor as an example); Chapter 3 mainly introduces the working principles and working methods of traditional PID; Chapter 4 focuses on fuzzy control and fuzzy control system model is created; Chapter 5 is about the usage of MATLAB and the display and analysis of simulation results。 Based on the results, we find that the fuzzy logic control system, with a faster response and smaller overshoot, is more suitable for high accuracy of the nonlinear system compared with the traditional PID。

Key words： brushless DC motor    PID controller    fuzzy control   MATLAB

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 III

1 绪论 1

1。1 研究背景 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 2

2 相关知识 4