摘要城市轨道交通车辆车轮尺寸是直接影响列车运营安全的关键因素之一，目前国内车 轮尺寸检测仍停留在卡尺检测阶段，难以满足城市轨道交通快速发展的需求。在这种背 景下，研制检测速度快，检测精度、自动化程度、信息化程度高的便携式检测装置有着 重要的现实意义。本文结合检测仪的检测要求，总结前人研究工作，研究并设计了便携 式车轮检测仪的驱动结构。75302

本文主要阐述了便携式车轮检测仪的驱动结构设计的研究过程，分析了便携式车轮 检测仪的工作原理，通过选择合适的电机型号，设计驱动结构，编写驱动程序，最终达 成驱动系统的设计要求。

首先，明确了测量系统设计目标和设计原则，熟悉了测量仪的测量原理和测量方法 后，在此基础上进行了系统总体设计，将驱动系统分为硬件和软件两部分。

然后分别完成软、硬件的工作。硬件方面根据测量原理和要求选取两相四线步进电 机和与电机相匹配的驱动器。用 STM32 作为控制器，设计了系统硬件电路的电路原理图。 软件方面用 C 语言设计驱动程序控制电机的转向与转速。

最后，根据软硬件的设计方案完成整个驱动系统，对系统进行了试验和调整，试验 结果表明该驱动系统可以满足便携式车轮检测仪的测量要求。

毕业论文关键词 地铁车轮 便携式 车轮检测仪 步进电机 STM32

毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 外 文 摘 要

Title Drive structure design of portable wheel detector

Abstract

Urban rail transit vehicle wheel size is one of the key factors which directly  affect  the safety of train operation, current domestic wheel size detection is still in the stage of caliper detection, it is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of urban rail transit。 In this context, the development of detection speed, detection accuracy, automation, high degree of information technology portable detection device has important practical significance。 In this paper, combined with the detection requirements of the detection instrument, summed up the previous research work, research and design of a portable wheel detector drive structure。

This paper mainly expounds the portable wheel detector driving structure design research process, analysis the working principle of the portable wheel detector, by choosing suitable type of motor, design driven structure, preparation of the driver, reach a drive system design requirements。

First of all, a clear measurement system design goal and the principle of design, familiar with the measurement principles and methods for measuring instrument, on the basis of the overall design of the system, the drive system is pided into two parts: hardware and software。

And then to complete the work of software and hardware。 According to the measurement principle and requirements, the hardware is selected to select the four phase wire stepper motor and the motor which is matched with the motor。 With STM32 as the controller, the design of the circuit of the system hardware circuit diagram。 Software design with C language driver control of the motor and speed。

Finally, according to the design of software and hardware to complete the entire drive system, the system has been tested and adjusted, the test results show that the drive system can meet the measurement requirements of the portable wheel tester。

Keywords Metro wheel portable size detection