摘 要近年来，复杂盘形锻件被广泛应用于飞机，汽车等工业领域，此类锻件外形 通常较为复杂、尺寸精度和力学性能也要求较高，对于一些重要的承力构件，锻 件的流线需要按照其几何外形分布。锻件成形过程中，经常会伴随着金属流线缺 陷，比如流线露头、涡流、穿流等缺陷。所以，研究锻件的流线分布对提高锻件 质量有重要的意义。80615

本文以复杂盘形锻件为例，利用 DEFORM 软件对其进行锻造模拟，对其最终 流线分布进行分析。研究了成形方案对锻件流线的影响，揭示了此类锻件在成形 时流线缺陷形成的机理，提出了复杂盘形类锻件缺陷控制的有效措施。研究结果 表明，锻件的流线主要受坯料的初始高度、摩擦系数、径向阻力等参数影响。锻 造时应选择合理的工艺参数，以获得良好的锻件质量。

关键词：复杂盘形锻件；流线分析；缺陷分析；参数优化

Abstract

In recent years, the disk forgings are widely used in aircraft, automotive and other industrial fields。 With the development of persified industrial products, forgings are mostly designed to shape the structure of the complex。 And for the forging quality and dimension precision demand is higher and higher, for some important mechanical components, etc。, also calls for forging streamline according to the geometric shape distribution of parts。 In forging forming process, often accompanied by metal streamline defects, such as streamline outcrop, defects such as eddy current, passing through。 Due to the complexity of shape, the performance of the forging and the structure is hard to control。 So, in order to realize forging quality and dimension precision and stability, must improve the forging technology of the scientific and controllable。

Based on the complex disc forgings, for example, using the DEFORM software to forging simulation。 Based on streamline analysis, studies the influence of forming scheme of forgings, reveals the forgings in forming streamline outcrop, eddy current, when passing through the mechanism of formation of the defects such as, puts forward the effective measure to control the complex disc type of forging defects。

The results show that the forging of the streamline is mainly of billet initial height, friction coefficient, radial parameters such as impact resistance。 Forging should choose reasonable technology parameters to get a good forging。

Keywords: Complex disk forgings; Streamline analysis; Defects analysis; Parameter optimization

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 复杂盘形锻件的结构特点 1

1。2 国内外复杂锻件的研究现状 1

1。2。1 锻件缺陷机理研究概况 1

1。2。2 锻件组织性能研究概况 2

1。2。3 数字化技术在锻造方面的研究概况 3

1。2。4 金属塑性变形流动方向的研究概况 4

1。3 本文的选题意义和研究内容 5

第二章 锻造模具的设计 7

2。1 锻件的模型设计 7

2。2 锻件分模面的确定 8

2。3 飞边槽的设计 8

2。4 坯料尺寸的确定 10

2。5 模锻件的尺寸和形状对金属流动的影响 10

2。6 锻件模具的三维造型