Abstract Thomas Hardy was one of the most renowned realistic novelists in the Victorian Era and the first important poet in the 20th century。 Hardy’s final finished novel, Jude the Obscure, was his greatest contribution to the English literature。 Freud’s personality theory is the essential component of Freudian Psychoanalysis。 The id, the ego and the super-ego are incorporated into the personality theory。 They have a set of different characteristics and guiding ideologies。 Sometimes they conflict with each other, whereas sometimes they merge each other。 Thus, Freud’s personality theory offers scholars an entirely new approach to interpret the literary works。86418

This article attempts to analyze Jude Fawley, the protagonist of Jude the Obscure, on the basis of Freud’s personality theory。 The short and miserable life of Jude Fawley can be regarded as a tragedy by the incessant collision and depression of his id, ego and super-ego。 During his struggle against the three systems, Jude’s personality are becoming gradually deranged and unbalanced, therefore he embarked on a dead-end path。

Keywords: Thomas Hardy; Jude the Obscure; Freud’s personality theory; Jude Fawley 

从弗洛伊德人格理论角度解析《无名的裘德》中裘德的人格

摘  要托马斯·哈代是维多利亚时期最具盛名的现实zhuyi小说家之一。他的最后一部小说《无名的裘德》是其对英国文学最大的贡献。西格蒙德·弗洛伊德不仅是一位著名的奥地利神经病学家，还是现代神经分析学的创始人。他的神经分析学中的核心部分是人格结构理论，其中包含了本我、自我、超我这三种元素。这三者有着完全不同的特点以及指导理论，他们有时会彼此碰撞，有时又会彼此融合。本文以弗洛伊德人格理论为基础，以裘德·弗莱为个案分析其人格。裘德悲剧的根源在于他本我、自我和超我不断的碰撞与冲突，即使在人生的最后一刻，他的本我、自我和超我也没有得到真正意义上的满足。人类的生存需要本我与自我予以维持，同时也需要超我的调节。唯有合理有效地支配这三者，人类才能拥有更美好的生活。

毕业论文关键词：托马斯·哈代；《无名的裘德》；弗洛伊德；人格理论；裘德·福莱

Contents

Abstract in English I

Abstract in Chinese II

I。 Introduction 1

Ⅱ。 Freud's Personality Theory 3

2。1 Formation and Development of Freudian Psychoanalysis 3

2。2 Key Elements of Freud’s Personality Theory 4

2。3 The Influence of Literary Criticism Works 8

Ⅲ。 A Personality Theory Analysis of Jude Fawley 10

3。1 The Super-ego 11

3。1。1 Birds—The Artless Benevolence of Jude 11

3。1。2 Christminster—the Terminal Field of Jude’s Super-ego 12

3。1。3 Sue Bridehead—the Soul Mate of Jude 13

3。2 The Id 14

3。3 The ego 15

3。3。1 Jude’s Feeling Towards Arabella 16

3。3。2 Jude’s Dream of Christminster 17

IV。 Conclusion 18

Bibliography 19