II。 Literature Review

  A successful and appealing film subtitle translation has dramatic influence on the film box office, and this paper mainly analyzes subtitle translation from the perspective of functionalism, so considering the two reasons, this part gives a brief introduction to the subtitle translation and functionalism。 文献综述

2。1 Studies about Subtitle Translation

2。1。1 Studies Overseas 

The earliest study could trace back to the late of 1950s。 Traduction et Ciném, published in the magazine Le linguiste, is regarded as the start of subtitle translation。 In 1974, Dolleru delivered On Subtitles in Television Programme on Bable, and he started the special research to the subtitle translation。 Istvan Fodor pointed out that the cultures and languages in different countries had their own special characters, and it is impossible to translate the subtitle perfectly。 In 1987, European Broadcasting Union held the first conference about dubbing and subtitling in Stockholm, and later, related publications were springing up。 The greatest achievement of the meeting was that it promoted the subtitle translated TV program's exchange and dissemination [1]。来.自^优+尔-论,文:网www.youerw.com +QQ752018766-

In the early 1990s, the most famous work, Overcoming Language Barriers in Television: Dubbing and Subtitling for the European Audience, was published by Luyken and other four researchers。 Luyken   analyzed the different translation methods in different languages from the professional perspective。 In 1992, Subtitling for the Media: A Handbook of an Art, written by Ivarsson, was published。 He detailedly introduced the development of methods about subtitle translation。 The two books established the important theoretical foundation for the development of the subtitle translation in Europe[4]。