摘要电弧增材制造技术是一种采用电弧为热源，在热源的作用下将焊丝熔化，并逐层堆 覆制造出所需要零部件的技术。采用这种技术可以提高材料的利用率，缩短制造周期， 提高企业的生产效率，制造出来的零件也易于修复。本课题是基于机器人电弧增材制造 技术，以等离子弧为热源，以不锈钢构件为研究对象，对增材制造成型技术进行试验研 究。

本课题需要先测试单道焊缝焊接工艺，确定相关的参数并进行试验，测量得出焊接 相应参数下的宽度。接着对直壁体多道多层堆覆工艺进行试验研究，采用三道堆覆的工 艺，调整相邻两道焊缝中心的距离为焊缝宽度的 40%、60%、80%。观察焊缝堆覆的宏观 外貌，当两道焊缝中心距离达到焊缝宽度的 70%时，出现少量凹陷，当中心距达到 80% 时，焊缝具有明显的宏观缺陷，说明焊缝的重叠部分最多不能超过焊缝宽度的 80%，工 业生产中应尽量控制在 70%以内。75929

最后需要对堆出的不锈钢构件进行硬度测试和显微组织观察，通过观察能够得出组 织主要有四个晶区，第一个晶区是母材与焊丝融合处的铁素体和细珠光体组成的组织区； 第二个是直壁体中的少量珠光体、细等轴铁素体和碳化物组成的均匀晶粒组织区；第三 个组织区是与顶部结合产生的重熔多组态组织区，由细等轴铁素体、少量珠光体和贝氏 体组成；最后一个是顶部过热区，由铁素体和索氏体组成。

毕业论文关键词：等离子弧 增材制造 显微组织及力学性能

毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 外 文 摘 要

Title Stainless steel components robot wire arc additive manufacturing molding experiment research

Abstract Wire arc additive manufacturing technology is a kind of principle,which using step by step a cladding melting inert gas protection welding and tungsten inert gas welding and plasma welding power source , such as welding machine produced by the arc as heat source, through adding wires, under the control of the program, according to the 3 d digital model by line - plane - body gradually formed the advanced digital manufacturing technology of metal parts。 It is easy to repair parts produced by this technology , and improve the utilization rate of the wire, greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle, improve the production efficiency and core competitiveness of enterprises。 This topic is based on the robot wire arc additive manufacturing technology, plasma arc as heat source, as the research object, with stainless steel components forming characteristics of increasing material manufacturing process and control of the key dimensions are studied。

First we has carried on the single channel single pile technology research, determine the corresponding process parameters of weld width。 Then the multiple layers surfacing of straight wall body experiment research, adopts three pile process, adjust the distance between two welding seam center were 40%, 60% and 40% of weld width, observe the heap weld cladding macroscopic appearance, when two weld center distance to 80% of the weld width, weld has obvious macroscopic defects, that the overlap of weld can't more than 80% of the weld width。

Finally, the straight wall body from the analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties test。 Organization of four zone, substrate side composed of nodular troostite and ferrite repeated thermal layer with many organizations,

central consists of fine equiaxed ferrite, uniform organization comprised of a small amount of pearlite and carbide area, more than the top regional remelting configuration and the top of the hot spots。

Keywords：Plasma arc Additive manufacturing Microstructure and mechanical properties