摘要失独家庭严格遵守独生子女政策却因为政策而付出了代价，政府和社会各界人士包括社会工作者应该给予多一些关照，来保障他们的晚年生活。但是仅仅是生活物质方面的照看是远远不够的，失独老人面临着巨大的精神压力和痛苦，并且这样的痛苦很难通过物质来缓解。通过社会工作优势视角理论，社工要把重点放在寻求、探索和利用失独老人周围环境包括老人自身的优势和资源，要相信每个失独老人都有着自身的潜能，如果利用好这些潜能可以寻找优势，缓解一系列问题。不仅仅是解决当前所面临的问题，更重要的是在未来的日子中能更好的生活，获得更加可持续发展的成果。对于优势视角社会工作来说，评估也尤其重要，本文也将着重从评估的角度，从四个象限：失独老人社会与政治优势、社会与政治障碍；生理和心理的优势、生理和心理障碍，分析如何提供给失独老人更好的精神慰藉。89763

毕业论文关键词：优势视角； 失独老人； 精神慰藉

abstract：Loss of independence family strictly abide by the one-child policy but they pay the price because of the policy。The government and the community, including social workers should be given more cares, to protect their later life。But only the material care is far from enough。The old man alone is facing great pressure and pain。And it's hard to ease the pain from the material aspect。From the strengths perspective in social work practice theory,Social workers should focus on seeking, exploring and using the advantages and resources of the elderly who have lost their independence, to believe that each lost independence of the elderly have their own potential, if make the good use of these potential ,can find advantages to ease a series of problems。Not only to solve the current problems, more importantly, in the days to come to a better life, access to more sustainable development results。The assessment is also important for social work in the strengths perspective in social work practice 。This article will also focus on the perspective of evaluation,From the four quadrants: Social and political advantages, social and political barriers, physical and psychological, physiological and psychological barriers to the elderly, analysis of how to provide a better spiritual comfort for the elderly。

 Key word ：Perspective of strengths; Loss of the old man alone; spiritual consolation

目录

一、 绪论 1

（一） 研究背景与意义 1

1。失独老人群体的特殊性 1

 2。国家和社会对失独老人群体关注度来自优Y尔L论W文Q网wWw.YouERw.com 加QQ7520~18766 越来越高 1

 3。贯彻我国法律和传统的“孝”文化 2

4。解决失独老人精神需要的问题 2

（二）相关概念解释 2

1。失独家庭 2

2。失独老人 2

（三） 相关理论依据 2

1。马斯洛需求层次理论 2

2。社会工作优势理论 3

二、 失独老人精神慰藉相关问题研究 3

（一）失独家庭的成因 3

1。政策影响 3

2。重大疾病 4

3。意外事故伤亡 4

4。其他原因