摘 要土壤盐渍化影响了生态环境的稳定，制约了绿洲农业生产和可持续发展。利用遥感影像准确自动的提取盐渍化土壤信息对土壤盐渍化的提取和监测具有重要意义。本文以新疆玛纳斯河流域为研究区域，利用2014年5景Landsat8卫星影像数据，进行该地域盐渍土制图，并对其进行监督、非监督和决策树分类，结合缨帽变换，对分类结果进行比较分析。研究表明，决策树分类法易提取隐藏在遥感影像数据中的规律，分类结构简单明了，且对不同地类的识别精度较高，特别是对不同盐渍化程度的盐渍土信息进行了有效区分，说明决策树方法在提取盐渍地信息方面具有优势。基于Landsat8 OLI遥感数据的土壤盐分遥感监测，提取盐渍化土壤信息，获取不同程度盐渍化土壤的分布情况，最终为新疆荒漠生态环境治理和绿洲农业可持续发展提供科学的依据。74800

Abstract The soil salinization affected the stability of the ecological environment, and restricted the agricultural production and sustainable development of the oasis。 It is very important to use remote sensing image to accurately and automatically extract the information of saline soil, which is of great significance to the extraction and monitoring of soil salinization。 The Manas River Basin in Xinjiang as the study area, using 5 scenes landsat8 satellite data in 2014, the area of saline soil mapping and the were supervised, unsupervised and decision tree classification, combined with tasseled cap transformation, the classification results were compared and analyzed。 Studies show that the decision tree classification method to extract rules hidden in remote sensing image data, classification with simple and clear structure and the different kinds of high precision of recognition, especially on the different degree of salinization of the saline soil information of effective area, indicating that the decision tree method has advantages in extracting saline soil information。 Based on the remote sensing monitoring and inversion landsat8 oli remote sensing data of soil salinity, extraction salinized soil information, access to the distribution of different degree of soil salinization, ultimately Xinjiang desert ecological environmental governance and sustainable development of oasis agriculture to provide scientific basis。

毕业论文关键词：盐渍土； 遥感； 决策树；新疆绿洲

Keyword: saline soil； remote sensing； decision tree；Xinjiang oasis

目    录

1 绪论 1

1。1研究意义 1

1。2卫星遥感盐渍土监测技术发展 1

1。2。1 国外土壤盐渍化遥感监测研究进展 1

1。2。2 国内土壤盐渍化遥感监测研究进展 2

2 研究内容及技术路线 3

3 研究区概况与数据源 4

3。1 研究区概况 4

3。1。1 地理位置及地形地貌 4

3。1。2 水系 4

3。1。3 气候 4

3。1。4 土壤现状 5

3。2 遥感影像数据的获取与预处理 5

3。2。1 数据来源 5

3。2。2 卫星影像预处理 7

4 基于遥感的区域尺度上土壤盐渍化监测 9

4。1 特征遥感指数监测土壤盐分含量