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摘 要：随着社会经济发展、城市迅速扩大和城市化进程加快，大气气溶胶污染日趋严重，由气溶胶颗粒物造成能见度恶化事件越来越多，浓雾天气已成为一种常见环境灾害污染事件。PM2.5代表空气动力学等效直径等于和小于2.5 微米的大气颗粒物。PM2.5 是造成雾霾天气、降低能见度，影响交通安全的主要因素。PM2.5 通过呼吸道进入肺泡，危害人体健康。PM2.5 的基本特征是体积小、重量轻，在大气中滞留时间长，可以被大气环流输送到很远的地方，造成大范围的空气污染。PM2.5 对环境的影响范围和对人体健康的危害程度，比PM10 和PM100 更大、更严重。人们逐渐重视PM2.5对人体健康的影响。毕业论文将对浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物行成原因、发展过程、带来的危险进行分析探讨,并提出如何避免、预防浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物形成的安全隐患。4982
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关键词： 气溶胶颗粒物；浓雾天气；PM2.5
Dense fog aerosol particles
Abstract: With the development of economics and society，rapid expansion of cities and acceleration of urbanization，the pollution of atmospheric aerosol has become increasingly serious，leading to degradation of visibility．Haze weather has become a common environmental disaster．PM2.5 represents aerodynamic equivalent diameter equal to or less than 2.5 micron airborne particles .PM2.5 is the main factors that causes the fog haze weather, the visibility is reduced, affecting traffic safety. PM2.5 through the respiratory tract into the alveoli and endanger human health. The basic feature of PM2.5 is its small size, light weight, long residence time in the atmosphere, can be transported to far away places by atmospheric circulation, resulting in a wide range of air pollution. The environmental impact of PM2.5 scope and degree of harm to human health are bigger and more serious than PM10 and PM100 . So, it causes people for concern to eliminate fog pollution and clean the air. The article will analyze and discuss the thick fog aerosol particles formation, development process, the danger, and put forward to how to avoid, prevent the formation of dense fog aerosol particles of security risks.
Key Words: Aerosol particles; Fog weather; PM2.5
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 概述 1
1.1.1 本论文研究的背景 1
1.1.2 气溶胶颗粒物的基本特征 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.2.1 国内外有关标准现状 2
1.2.2 监测现状 3
1.2.3 研究成果 4
1.3 本论文的主要内容 4
1.3.1 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物形成原因 5
1.3.2 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物发展过程 5
1.3.3 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物对生活、生产安全的影响 6
1.3.4 对如何避免、预防浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物形成的安全隐患 6
2 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物形成原因 7
2.1 雾的基本特征 7
2.2 雾的种类 7
2.3 雾和霭的区别 8
2.4 雾的成因 9
2.5 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物的成分 9
2.5.1 气溶胶颗粒物来源 9
2.5.2 气溶胶颗粒物组成 10
3 浓雾天气气溶胶颗粒物发展过程 12
3.1 模型和数值方法 12
3.1.1 物理数学模型 12
3.1.2 数值计算方法 13
3.2 计算结果及分析 14
3.2.1 雾霾区域气溶胶颗粒物单效应动力学特性的研究 14
3.2.2 雾霾发展、消散过程气溶胶颗粒物的动力学特性 16