摘要根据目前1,2,4,5-四氨基苯（TAB）及其盐酸盐（TAB·4HCl）在国外被开发并应用于新材料的发展趋势以及国内还很少涉及的现状，本课题对聚合级单体TAB·4HCl的合成新路线加以研究，并对其新合成工艺进行了系统的分析和优化，明确了硝化、氨解选择性和压力、温度的关系。结果表明：以间二氯苯为原料，在硝硫混酸体系中，经硝化制得4,6-二硝基间二氯苯（DCDNB）；然后以氨水为氨解剂发生双氨解反应，制得4,6-二硝基间苯二胺（DADNB）；最后在蒸馏水中用Pd/C催化加氢还原得到TAB的溶液，再将含有TAB的溶液倒入烯酸溶液中制备高纯度的TAB·4HCl，收率达85%.60117

产物经过熔点测定、点板、核磁（1H-NMR）等方法表征，分析结果表明，得到的产物均符合目标产物。

毕业论文关键词  1,2,4,5-四氨基苯（TAB）  间二氯苯  4,6-二硝基间二氯苯(DCDNB)  4,6-二硝基间苯二胺（DADNB）  合成工艺  

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title    Synthesis and process research on 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene and its hydrochloride               

Abstract

Based on the current trend of making use of 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene (TAB) and its hydrochloride (TAB·4HCl) in new materials abroad and rarely involved in study in China, a new method of synthesizing polymer grade monomer TAB·4HCl was studied. Systematic analysis and optimization was made for the synthesis process. The relationship of the nitration and ammonolysis selectivity with pressure and temperature were clarified. The results was showed that DCDNB was synthesized by m-dichlorobenzene in nitric-sulfuric acid incubating for 2 hours at a temperature of 105℃.Then, 4,6-dintro-1,3-phenylenediamine(DADNB) is synthesized with double ammomolysis reaction in ammonia system，and hydrogenated by Pd/C in distilled water to obtained the solution containing TAB. Finally, TAB·4HCl was obtained by adding diluted hydrochloric acid with high purity, the total recovery is 85%. 

Products are typically monitored by, and correlated to, melting point determination, thin-layer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and infrared spectrum(IR).

Keywords  1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene  M-dichlorobenzene  4,6-dinitro-1,3-dichlorobenzene  4,6-dintro-1,3-phenylened  Synthesis process

1 引言 1

1.1 概述 1

1.2 合成综述 4

1.3 本文主要研究的内容 8

2 实验部分 9

2.1 实验仪器及化学试剂 9

2.2 4,6-二硝基间二氯苯的合成与表征 9

2.3 4,6-二硝基间苯二胺的合成与表征 11

2.4 1,2,4,5-四氨基苯盐酸盐的合成与表征 13

3 分析与讨论 15

3.1 影响产率的单因素实验研究 15

结 论 20

致 谢 21

参考文献 22