摘要：生物能源作为一种再生的清洁能源，是能够替代化石燃料的理想能源。本实验选择小麦秸秆为原料，用 NaOH 的预处理，分析细胞壁的成分转变对预处理和酶解的产糖效率 的影响。实验测定了秸秆纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量，小麦秸秆细胞壁总成分 55%，，其中纤 维素含量最高，茎秆中的细胞壁总成分高于叶鞘。NaOH 预处理可以溶解半纤维素、木质 素，暴露纤维素链，使得纤维素酶可以有效解除底物，提高酶解效率，酶解六碳糖产率随 NaOH 浓度提高逐渐增加，4.0%NaOH 接近最高值，酶解液五碳糖的含量在 1.0%NaOH 达 到最高值，总糖产率在 4.0%NaOH 达到最高值。不同部位降解转化效率的差异主要体现在 六碳糖产率，既纤维素的降解效率，而半纤维素的降解主要为溶解释放，导致五碳糖产率 差异较小。67580

毕业论文关键词：生物能源，小麦秸秆， NaOH 预处理

Abstract：Biofuels as a kind of renewable clean energy, is an ideal alternative to fossil fuel

energy. This experiment select wheat straw as raw material, using NaOH preprocessing, analyzing the composition of the cell walls of transformation on the efficiency of the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar.

Experimental determination of the straw, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content in wheat straw cell walls of 55% of the total composition, and the highest content of cellulose, stem cell wall is higher than the total of the leaf sheath. NaOH preprocessing soluble hemicellulose, and lignin, the cellulose chain, makes the cellulose enzyme can effectively remove the substrate, improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis of six carbon sugar yield gradually increased with the concentration of NaOH, 4.0% NaOH is close to the highest, enzymolysis liquid five-carbon sugar content reached its highest in 1.0% NaOH, total sugar yield reached its highest in 4.0% NaOH. Differences of the different parts of the  degradation efficiency is mainly manifested in six carbon sugar yield, both cellulose degradation efficiency, and the degradation of hemicellulose mainly dissolved releasing, cause the five-carbon sugar yield difference is smaller.

Keywords:Bioenergy, Wheat straw, NaOH pretreatment

目 录

1  绪论 3

1.1  生物质能 3

1.2  植物细胞壁 4

1.3  细胞壁的化学组成 4

1.4 细胞壁主要成分连接方式 7

1.5 生物质降解转化 8

1.6  本研究目的意义 10

2 材料与方法 10

2.1  实验材料 10

2.2 实验方法 10

2.2.1 材料收集 10

2.2.2  细胞壁成分测定 10

2.2.3  比色法测定六碳糖、五碳糖、糖醛酸 13

2.2.4 NaOH 梯度预处理 14

3  结果与分析 15

3.1  细胞壁成分测定 15

3.1.1  六碳糖、五碳糖标准曲线 15

3.1.2  纤维素、半纤维素、木质素测定