摘要：近几年，工业化产业的迅速发展为我们创造了不少利益，同时也带来了很多环境问题。其中环境污染问题尤为严重，其中有机污染物是环境污染最主要的来源。如今，科学家们尤其关注多环芳烃这种持久性有机污染物，多环芳烃具有毒性、致畸形性和致癌作用，其结构复杂，富集在人体内会对身体造成很大的危害，会导致人的发病率变高。所以建立一种快速高效简便的检测空气和水资源的手段对现代社会来说是非常重要的。72188

本论文是基于表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）技术，利用其高灵敏性，在环境领域中进行分析检测。其难点和重点就是金属纳米颗粒和石墨烯的有机整合，制备成SERS的活性基底，来增强拉曼光谱的信号，然后将这种多复合材料很好地应用于环境现场分析检测。

毕业论文关键词： 金纳米棒；石墨烯；表面增强拉曼光谱；多环芳烃

Preparation of gold nanorod graphene composite nanomaterials and its application in environmental analysis 

Abstract: In recent years, the rapid development of industrial industries for us to create a lot of benefits, but also brought a lot of environmental problems。 Which is particularly serious environmental pollution problems, including organic pollutants is the most important source of environmental pollution。 Today, scientists are particularly concerned about polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with toxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, its complex structure, enrichment in the human body will cause great harm to the body, will lead to the incidence of human beings becomes higher。 Therefore, the establishment of a fast, efficient and simple means of detecting air and water resources is very important for modern society。

This paper is based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology, using its high sensitivity, in the field of environmental analysis and detection。 The difficulty and focus is the organic integration of metal nanoparticles and graphene, prepared into SERS active substrate, to enhance the Raman spectrum of the signal, and then this kind of multi-composite materials well applied to the environmental field analysis and testing。

Keywords:  Gold nanorods; Graphene; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 

目录

1 绪论 1

1。1 金纳米棒 1

1。1。1 金纳米棒概述 1

1。1。2 金纳米棒的性能 1

1。2 金纳米棒石墨烯复合纳米材料 2

1。2。1 石墨烯的结构与性质 2

1。2。2 金纳米棒复合材料概述 3

1。2。3 金纳米棒复合材料的制备 3

1。3 表面增强拉曼光谱 4

1。3。1 表面增强拉曼光谱概述 4

1。3。2 表面增强拉曼光谱的基本定理 4

1。3。3 表面增强拉曼光谱在分析检测中的应用 5

1。4 选题研究的目的意义和内容 5

1。4。1 选题研究的目的意义 5

1。4。2 选题研究的内容 6

2 实验方法 6

2。1 实验仪器 6

2。2 化学试剂与材料 9