摘要随着化石能源的枯竭和环境的日益恶化，开发一种能够逐步取代传统能源的新型清 洁能源迫在眉睫。在众多新型能源中，生物质是地球上储量最丰富的可再生资源，其中 又数纤维素含量最高。

纤维素的主要工业利用途径是先将其水解为葡萄糖，再转化为生物燃料或其他化学 品。工业上常用的方法为稀酸水解法，稀酸水解具有工艺简单、可控性强、成本低、废 液处理简单等优点，但其反应温度高，还原糖产率低，还需进一步改善。本文旨在优化 纤维素催化水解的反应条件，分别以 NaOH、CH3COOH 以及 HNO3 溶液作催化剂，设立 50、60、70、80℃四个温度梯度，并初步尝试了固体酸与乙酸溶液结合的水解方案，以 期得出具有一定意义的结果，希望其对科研及工业生产具有参照价值。77077

毕业论文关键词： 纤维素 稀酸水解 固体酸 还原糖 最优条件

毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 外 文 摘 要

Title  The optimization of reaction conditions for the preparation of sugars by catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose

Abstract With the exhaustion of fossil energy and the deterioration of the environment, it is urgent to develop a new type of clean energy which could replace the traditional energies。 Biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on the earth, and the number of cellulose is the highest in the compositions of the biomass。

The main industrial utilization of cellulose is first changed to glucose by hydrolysis, and then to biofuels or other chemicals。 The most commonly used method in industry is the dilute acid hydrolysis。 There are many advantages of dilute acid hydrolysis, such as simple process, strong controllability, low cost, simple wastewater treatment, and so on。 However, its high reaction temperature, low reducing  sugar  yield,  are  still  need  to  improve。 The  aim  of this  paper is to

optimize the reaction conditions for the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose, respectively  with NaOH, CH3COOH and HNO3 solution as catalyst, set up 50, 60, 70, 80 ℃ four temperature gradient, and attempt to introduce the solid acid into the hydrolysis system, in order to draw with

meaningful results。 The experimental results would have the reference value to the scientific research and industrial production。

Keywords  cellulose, dilute acid hydrolysis, solid acid, reducing sugar, optimal condition

本科毕业设计说明书 第 I 页

目 次

1 绪论 1

1。1 课题的研究背景及意义 1

1。2 纤维素简介 2

1。2。1 纤维素的结构 2

1。2。2 纤维素的物理性质 4

1。2。3 纤维素的化学性质 5

1。3 纤维素水解研究现状 5

1。3。1 浓酸水解 5

1。3。1。1 浓酸水解的优缺点及改进 6