摘要：现在，随着人们对身体健康的越来越重视和环保意识的加强，对化学工业化生产条件提出更高要求，希望在继续发挥化学的积极作用的同时而将其危害人类健康和人类生存环境的负面影响减少到最小。这就要求有机合成今后将主要朝着绿色合成方向发展。传统的有机合成中，有机溶剂是最常用的反应介质，但是有机溶剂的毒性和难以回收又使之成为对环境有害的因素，理想的有机合成的筛选就尤为重要。所以，绿色化学是一个化学学科的必然选择，是一个时代经济与环境两相平衡的必然趋势。79109

本文将确定量的苯乙酮与卤氮试剂三氯异氰尿酸反应，同时加入催化剂低危害的固体酸在溶剂乙酸乙酯中反应。本论文的实验通过调整催化剂以及用量、TCCA的用量、乙酸乙酯与TCCA的用量比、反应时长和温度来研究快速兼具环保的二氯代反应，并且在此实验基础上，本课题还针对于改变底物试验普适性规律。实验表明：反应物10 mmol 的苯乙酮与6。45mmol 的TCCA在10mL 的乙酸乙酯，在60℃下，反应2小时，使用无水硫酸钠作为干燥剂的情况下，能得到最优的产率，能得到1。76 g无色油状物，产率为92。1%。普适性研究：当底物选择为4-氟苯乙酮、4-氯苯乙酮、4-溴苯乙酮、4-硝基苯乙酮和2-溴苯乙酮进行二氯代反应，得到产率较优，产率为88。7%~91。2%，但还有一个底物为4-甲氧基苯乙酮得到复杂产物，无法分离，无法计算产率。

毕业论文关键词： 氮氯试剂；二氯化合物；酯类化合物；三氯异氰尿酸

Study on Dichlorination Rapid Reactions in Ester Solvents 

Abstract: Nowadays, with the increasing emphasis on health and the strengthening awareness on environment, the chemical industrial conditions of production has been put forward higher requirements。 People hope to continue to play a positive role in chemistry, meanwhile its harm to human health and negative effects of human living environment, which could be minimized。 It requires that organic synthesis will be mainly towards the direction of green synthesis in the future。 In the traditional organic synthesis, the organic solvent is the most commonly used as reaction medium, but the toxicity of the organic solvent and difficulty to recover make it environmentally harmful factors, the ideal organic synthesis of screening is particularly important。 Therefore, green chemistry is an inevitable choice of a chemical discipline, is an era of economic and environmental balance of the inevitable trend。

This article was the amount of acetophenone and halogen nitrogen reagent trichloroisocyanuric acid reaction, while adding low-hazardous solid acid catalyst in the solvent ethyl acetate reaction。 In this paper, the experiment was carried out by adjusting the species of catalyst and the amount, the amount of TCCA, the amount of ethyl acetate and TCCA, the reaction time and temperature to study the rapid and environmentally-friendly dichloro reaction。 On the basis of this experiment, substrates were changed to test the universal law。 Experiments show that: the reactions were operated by 10 mmol of acetophenone with 6。45mmol of TCCA in 10mL of ethyl acetate and at the temperature of 60 ℃for 2 hours, used of anhydrous sodium sulfate as a desiccant, products were the best, whose yield was 1。76 g as a colorless oil with the yield of 92。1%。 In universal law study: When the substrates were selected from 4-fluoroacetophenone, 4-chloroacetophenone, 4-bromoacetophenone, 4-nitroacetophenone and 2-bromoacetophenone for dichloro reaction, the yields of conducts were good, which is 88。7% ~ 91。2%。 While there was a substrate for the 4 – methoxyacetophenone, whose conducts were too complex to separate, which couldn’t be calculated the yield。

Key words: N-Cl reagents; dichlorination; ester solvents; trichloroisocyanuric acid