毕业论文关键词： 工艺设计；精馏；异丙醇脱水法；合成；异丙醇；异丙醚

The Synthesis and Process Design of An Annual Output of 3500 Tons Isopropyl Ether

Design specification: Isopropyl ether, also known as isopropyl ether (two), is a colorless liquid, a smell of ether, chemical formula C6H140, simple structure of its type can be expressed as (CH3) 2CH-O-CH (CH3) 2, English name Isopropyl Ether, referred to as IPE, is a liquid at normal temperature, the appearance is colorless transparent, with the nature of most ether similar, is a kind of important industrial raw materials and organic chemical solvents, as a kind of organic solvent isopropyl ether and a variety of organic solvents, good solvent and animal, plant and mineral oil, also used in pharmaceutical, smokeless powder, paint and paint cleaning etc。, it is difficult to soluble in water, easily lead to poisoning long-term contact or inhalation of isopropyl ether steam。 The design process of isopropyl ether synthesis section and distillation process were designed in the design through a comprehensive comparison of isopropanol dehydration of isopropanol, byproducts separation, alcohol synthesis and propylene hydration method and other production methods after comprehensive design, simple and convenient production and finally decided to adopt isopropanol dehydration synthesis of isopropyl ether, this method has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, simple reaction, no side effects, and can effectively reduce the production cost, and no pollution, green environmental protection。 In the process design process, the present situation, properties, uses and production methods of isopropyl ether at home and abroad were introduced briefly。 This design focuses on the design of reaction parts of the synthesis of isopropyl ether and the design of distillation columns。 Process conditions including reaction temperature, reaction pressure, reaction principle, raw material concentration, catalyst and so on, through the material balance and the production plan of annual output, the amount of raw material of isopropyl ether was calculated, the column diameter, height and number of plate parameters and calculation, through exploration,, from the previous experiment and experience and through accurate calculation, and explore suitable isopropanol dehydration production of isopropyl ether production methods and production conditions are determined, and achieve the desired objectives。 This design uses the method of isopropanol for catalyst dehydration production of isopropyl ether in sulphuric acid, some main design parameters and requirements are as follows, the reaction temperature requirements at 125-128℃, reaction pressure in 0。2MPa, in the design process of synthesis of isopropyl ether, relates to catalyst selection, the advantages and disadvantages of sulfuric acid catalyst cation exchange resin, catalyst, montmorillonite catalysts are compared and combined with the isopropanol dehydration production characteristics and production requirements, the final decision by using sulfuric acid as catalyst, to determine a good catalyst after reaction the first step is to determine the reactor types, advantages and disadvantages of the first tubular reactor, the reaction kettle type reactor, tower reactor, fixed bed reactor, fluidized bed reactor were compared, then according to the production characteristics determined by autoclave As a design reactor, the reactor is determined by material balance and heat balance。 The diameter of the reactor is 1。5m, the reactor height is 4。5m, and the reactor volume is 5633。33L。 The reactor is determined after the reference to the selection of data rectification and screening, to judge the tower through several indicators of production capacity and separation efficiency of the tower, pressure drop, operating flexibility, and structure, and manufacturing cost, in the comparative analysis of plate column and packed column production capacity, combined with the production process of the final design the distillation column as the design of distillation equipment by comparison, according to the process conditions to calculate the total cost of the reflux ratio is 2。76, the top pressure of 0。1MPa, theoretical plate number is 25, total cost of distillation tower diameter is 0。8m, according to the characteristics and requirements of product quality reaction with a total of only found for the purity of distillation column is not standard, not qualified products, so in the azeotropic distillation and subsequent increase refining operation for washing tower and refining tower, refined before adding a washing tower uses a water scrubber to dissolve IPA in water and remove it first。 The purpose of doing so is to change the three azeotrope composition, easy separation, the purity of the obtained after washing after more than 98% (WT) isopropyl ether and isopropyl ether after refining tower feed pump imported refined refining tower, three yuan IPE, IPA and H2O contain azeotrope drawn from the washing tower first, through the condenser cooling, the temperature dropped to 40 degrees, then entered the isopropyl ether refining tower top reflux tank。 In the refining process of 1。3MPa steam heating isopropyl ether refining tower reboiler bottom, by adjusting the temperature control valve flow control to regulate the temperature at the bottom of the column, the liquid level control valve to control the bottom level, the level remained stable。 After refining can get qualified products of isopropyl ether, water tower operation process according to the material balance of the back washing tower is 2。8, plate number 24, the tower diameter 0。8m, refining tower exquisite process according to the material balance that refining tower top pressure is 0。1MPa, reflux ratio is 2。8, plate number 26 block。 The device of pollutants generated in the production process and raw materials, basically no products can be recycled, the amount of waste treatment is convenient, the damage to the environment is small, has reached the requirements of environmental protection at the same time to ensure the production。