摘要：本文以五氧化二铌、碳酸钾为主要原料通过高温固相法首先合成铌酸钾纳米粒子。接着，通过对所得的铌酸钾纳米粒子进行酸化处理和表面剥离，制备了铌酸钾纳米轴。继而，探讨了原料投料量比、煅烧温度、反应时间和pH值的变化等因素对铌酸钾纳米粒子和铌酸钾纳米轴结构和形貌的影响。通过固体紫外漫反射光谱、X-射线衍射光谱和透射电镜等手段对产物的结构、形貌进行表征。结果显示，在我们所研究的条件下能获得所需结构和形貌的铌酸钾纳米粒子和纳米轴，而且该纳米粒子和纳米轴在紫外区有较强的吸收，说明目标产物都具有较好的紫外光响应，有可能作为紫外光响应的光催化剂用于光催化降解有机污染物或光催化还原水制氢。82293

毕业论文关键词：固相法；铌酸钾；纳米粒子；纳米轴；结构和形貌

Preparation and characterization of potassium niobate nanoparticles

Abstract:In this paper, niobium pentoxide, potassium carbonate as the main raw material through the high temperature solid phase synthesis of potassium niobate nanoparticles。 Then, the niobate nanometer axis was prepared by subjecting the obtained potassium niobate nanoparticles to acidification and surface peeling。 Then, the effects of raw material feeding ratio, calcination temperature, reaction time and pH value on the structure and morphology of potassium niobate nanoparticles and potassium niobate nanosized shaft were discussed。 The structure and morphology of the product were characterized by solid ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy。 The results show that the niobate nanoparticles and nanosized axes can be obtained under the conditions of our study, and the nanoparticles and nanosized axes have strong absorption in the ultraviolet region, indicating that the target products have more Good UV response, it is possible as a photocatalyst for UV response to photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants or photocatalytic reduction of hydrogen。

Key words: solid phase method; potassium niobate; nanoparticles; nano axis; structure and morphology

窗体底端

目  录

1 前言 1

  1。1 开题依据及研究背景 1 

  1。2 文献综述 2 

  1。3 铌酸钾纳米粒子的制备方法 2

1。3。1 传统的固相法 3

1。3。2 熔盐法 3

1。3。3 水热合成法 3

1。3。4 溶胶-凝胶法 4

1。3。5 沉淀沉积法 4

1。3。6 聚合配合物法 5

  1。4 固相法合成铌酸钾的改进方案 5

  1。5 铌酸钾纳米粒子应用前景 5

1。6 立题依据 6

1。7 方案论证 6

2 实验部分 7

  2。1 仪器与试剂 7

2。1。1 仪器 7

2。1。2 药品与试剂 8

  2。2 实验方法 8

2。2。1 合成铌酸钾固体 8

2。2。2 铌酸钾固体的酸化 9

2。2。3 酸化的铌酸钾表面剥离