摘要随着经济和建筑行业的发展，预制板构件的自动化生产变得愈来愈重要。本文以预制板构件生产线中的自动划线机作为研究对象，设计了自动划线机的机械结构和控制系统，并且编写了相应的控制软件。并且通过实验验证了划线效果能够满足精度要求。86320

在机械结构部分，首先根据自动划线机具体的尺寸和精度要求，设计了三种方案，并对这三种方案进行了对比。然后详细的介绍了最合适的方案。在保证精度的前提下，所选取的部件尽可能简单以降低成本。

在控制系统硬件部分，首先介绍了常用的几种控制方法并选择了最适合自动划线机的方案，设计了控制系统。对步进电机作了简要介绍并通过计算选型。对其配套的驱动器的参数、接线原理等做了详细介绍。然后选用了经济合适的运动控制卡并对其使用方法做了详细介绍。介绍了光电开关的分类，并根据实际情况选型。最后给出了整个控制系统硬件的接线图。

在控制系统软件部分，首先介绍了编写出的软件的功能。内容主要包括有：通过运动控制卡控制X轴电机和Y轴电机的进给；通过光电开关确定原点位置；通过电磁阀确定喷枪的开关；将CAD图纸中的划线内容显示在电脑屏幕上；对CAD图纸中的线段进行路径优化；对于端口参数的配置；历史浏览等。然后对软件的主界面和各个模块的功能和界面做了详细的介绍。最后则是详细介绍了本软件的核心算法。包括CAD图纸的读取、CAD图纸的显示、数据搜索排序、电机控制和回零控制。

最后通过实验，验证了控制系统和控制软件能够满足精度的要求。

毕业论文关键词：预制板；自动划线机；运动控制

Abstract With the development of economy and the construction industry, automated production of prefabricated components become more and more important。 Automatic plotter of precast concrete element production line was introduced in this paper。 The mechanical structure and control system of automatic plotter were designed。 The corresponding software was programmed。 And experimental verification of the effect crossed by being able to meet the accuracy requirements。

In the mechanical structure parts, three programs of automatic plotter were designed according to dimensions and accuracy requirements。 Then the most appropriate solution was described in detail。 Components were selected as simple as possible to reduce costs。

In the control system hardware parts, firstly introduced several common control methods and select the most suitable program for automatic plotter, designed the control systems。 Did a brief introduction of stepper motor and did a selection by calculating。 Did an introduction of corresponding drivers and its’ wiring schematic in detail。 Then chose the appropriate economic motion control card and did a detailed description of its use method。 Introduced the classification of photoelectric switches and did a selection。 Finally, the whole control system hardware wiring diagram was provided。

In the control system software parts, firstly introduced the function of the written software。 The main contents included: controlling the motion of X-axis and Y-axis motors through motion control card; determining the origin position by the photoelectric switch; determining the gun’s state through a solenoid valve; displaying the CAD drawings on the computer’s screen; CAD drawings’ path optimization; configuring parameters of ports; browsing history。 Then made a detailed description of the function and interface of each module。 Finally, there was a detailed description of the core algorithm of the software。 It includes reading CAD drawings, display CAD drawings, data sorting search, motor control and home function。