摘要在优化设计技术发展的历程中，国内外装备制造、航空航天以及国防军工等产业 对数控机床的需求越来越大，质量要求也显著提高。为了降低成本，从而获得更高的 经济效益，同时又不得不保证整个机床保持良好的静力学特性、动态性能和加工工艺 性，就需要在机床的整个设计周期当中，对要设计的机床力学结构进行运动学仿真， 以便能发现机床的薄弱部位，从而实现对机床结构的动力学性能分析和优化设计。83997

立柱是数控机床最基本的零部件之一，其结构性能会对零件加工表面成形运动轨 迹的准确性有直接影响，因此它的静力学性能和动态性能将直接对零件的加工精度和 表面质量产生影响。本文以 HTM40100 型卧式车铣加工中心的立柱为研究对象，运 用 ABAQUS/CAE 有限元分析软件对其结构进行应力分析、刚度分析和模态振型分析， 找出立柱的薄弱环节。对 HTM40100 型卧式车铣加工中心的机床立柱结构，进行了 三维建模，并对立柱进行了有限元分析。经过静力学的分析得到了机床立柱的位移变 形云图和应力云图，通过模态分析得到立柱结构的前 6 阶模态振型和固有频率，以此 来研究立柱结构的动态特性，找出立柱结构可以改进的部位，利用 ABAQUS 优化分 析模块对立柱进行优化分析。

根据有限元分析的结果，得到了立柱的相对密度云图，并对立柱结构提出了结构 设计改进的建议。

毕业论文关键字：HTM40100 机床；立柱；有限元分析；结构设计；优化分析

Abstract In the design optimization technology development process, the demand of domestic and foreign equipment manufacturing, aerospace and defense industry on CNC machine tools are increasing 。Besides, the quality of requirements also significantly increasing。 In order to reduce costs and result higher economic benefits, they have to not only ensure that the entire machine to maintain good static mechanical properties, dynamic performance and processing technology, but also the machine need throughout the cycle of design。 The design of the mechanical structure and the machine kinematics simulation need to find the weak parts of the machine, to enable the dynamic performance of the machine structure analysis and design optimization。

The column is one of the most basic components in CNC machine tools, that’s structural properties have a direct impact trajectory on the accuracy of shaping parts and machining surface。 So that's static performance and dynamic performance will have a direct impact on machining accuracy and surface quality of parts。 In this paper, the column HTM40100 type milling machining center for the study use the ABAQUS/CAE finite element analysis software to stress analysis of its structure, stiffness analysis and modal shape analysis to identify weak links in the column。 Pillar structure of the machine HTM40100 type horizontal milling machining center, conducted a three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis column。 After the statics of analysis, it had machine column displacement deformation and stress cloud。 It was been given the former six modal natural frequencies and mode shapes of the pillar structure from the modal analysis, in order to study the dynamic characteristics of the pillar structure and identify pillar structure which the site can be improved by using ABAQUS optimization analysis module to optimize the analysis column。

According to the results of finite element analysis, it obtains the relative density of the column, and proposes for the structural design suggestions for improvement。

Keywords: HTM40100 machine tool; Vertical prop; Finite element analysis; Structural design; Optimize design

目 录

第一章