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摘要：投资估算是项目决策的依据，能有效控制投资，影响投资计划制定。在工程建设项目全寿命周期的多次计价中，投资估算由于估算时受信息局限，资料限制以及工程建设具体情况不明的等原因，投资估算往往是最粗略的，但是，它却对整个项目以及后期的设计概算、预算、决算影响最大。7403
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本文第二章分别阐述了静态部分投资估算和动态部分投资估算的方法，比较各种方法之间优劣，并在第四章中，从投资估算的各组成部分的角度来分析估算失真的原因，提出降低决策阶段投资估算误差率的方法。
本文第五章结合工程实例，进行投资估算计算。在前人的基础上，用模糊数学理论将工程项目中各影响因素由定性转化为定量，还用模糊数学方法进行投资估算计算。具体采用模糊数学的贴近度公式，进行计算和选择，使已建工程与拟建工程之间“相似与不相似”间的模糊界限进行数学化、定量化，从而得到拟建工程的造价。使决策更有据可依，模糊理论在投资估算中的运用也大大降低了传统投资估算方法由于人为主观因素而造成的精确度不高的缺点。
关键词：投资估算；决策阶段；模糊数学；贴进度
Abstract
Abstract：The investment estimation is the most unshaped one an well as the most influential one all the evaluations during the long period time of construction on project.It is the foundation of project decision and the effective tool of making investment plan an well as controlling it.According to statistics.Therefore，the study of cost control of investment decision—making phase is important and necessary．Based on the urgency and necessity of the construction control cost,the article proposed the key preparatory works of construction control cost are the stages of decision-making．
In investment decision-making phase，this paper points out the solutions on cost control according to the present situation and the existing questions，meanwhile，combined project
cases，it expatiated investment estimatation methods．In the choice of different decision-making schemes. On the basis of the previous work,with reference to the davanced at home and abroad,this paper try to use the basic theory of fuzzy mathematics,translates the various influencing，factors from qualitative description into quantitative expression,which makes investment decision-making and reduces subjective factors on the choice ofschemes greatly．Close to the specific use of fuzzy mathematics formulas for calculation and selection, so that has been built between the project and the proposed project "similar or not similar" fuzzy boundaries between mathematical, quantitative, resulting in the cost of the proposed project. More basis to make decisions, fuzzy theory in the use of estimates in the investment but also greatly reduces the traditional investment estimation method due to human subjective factors caused by the shortcomings of accuracy is not high.
KeyWords：investment estimation；project decision；fuzzy mathematics；close degree
目 录
1 绪论1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 研究意义1
1.3国内外研究分析3
1.4本文重点3
2 决策阶段投资估算的概念5
2.1投资估算的概念5
2.1.1投资估算定义5
2.1.2投资估算的作用5
2.1.3投资估算划分7
2.1.4决策阶段投资估算特点 9
2.2静态投资部分估算9
2.2.1静态投资估算定义 9
2.2.2静态投资估算方法 9
2.3动态投资部分估算12
2.3.1动态投资部分估算内容12
2.3.2动态投资估算方法 13
2.3.3流动资金估算方法 15
3 决策阶段投资估算的编制 18
3.1 决策阶段投资估算的编制依据18
3.2 决策阶段投资估算的编制步骤18