马铃薯多酚氧化酶处理亚甲基蓝+文献综述(2)
can produce 11 categories, a total of more than 10 a year ten thousand
tons dye dye industry to develop at the same time also brought serious
environmental pollution problems , according to the dyestuff industry in
our country in 2002 total annual emissions of waste water has reached 1.4
billion tons, at present, the amount of sewage accounted for 34% of total
emissions, and mark in the sewage accounted for only 58.3%。[1]
of profit
huge dye intermediates and additives, production technology is relatively
simple, in recent years, in urban and rural areas have sprung up in the
hundreds of township and village enterprises engaged in the dyestuff
intermediates and additives production the township and village
enterprises due to lag in technology, production equipment simple, the
workers' quality is low, the waste water of the state-owned large and
medium-sized enterprises seriously polluted, as environmental
requirements more and more high, this kind of wastewater treatment using
traditional methods cannot satisfy in technology and economy. By enzyme
(PP0) pollutants processing has high efficiency, no side effects,
environmental protection, the obvious advantages of rich raw material
source persity.
This paper by using acetone crude extract of potato polyphenol oxidase
with methylene blue as the substrate, the use efficiency of polyphenol
oxidase and the complexity of the substrate characteristics, mathematical
method of enzyme for degradation of dye wastewater. This experiment mainly
used is the control variable method and contrast method to observe the
polyphenol oxidase on the degradation of methylene blue, the study of
polyphenol oxidase, understanding the affect the effect of several major
aspects, including temperature, PH, the amount of adding enzyme,
substrate concentration, the quantity of the substrate and the reaction
time, etc., this experiment mainly from adding enzyme amount, PH, reaction
time, the polyphenol oxidase were studied in three aspects: the treatment
effect of methylene blue.
Keywords: methylene blue potato polyphenol oxidase
第一章综述
马铃薯，别名叫土豆，也叫洋芋，英文名叫Potato。马铃薯是现今人类社
会的四大粮食作物之一，仅次于水稻、玉米和小麦。[2]
在咱们中国，大多数老百
姓都管马铃薯叫土豆，但实际上，它可是地地道道的洋货，是从国外传来的。
马铃薯的营养较丰富，富含淀粉、文生素、蛋白质、无机盐等营养物质，因此
很多地区都把它作为重要的食物。我国马铃薯的常年种植面积约为409 万hm2，
马铃薯产量约为5500 万吨左右，居世界第一位。[3]
我国马铃薯产区较广，主要
分布在黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古及云、贵、川等地区。马铃薯加工业是食品加工
业中一个重要的组成部分。世界马铃薯加工业发达的国家用于加工的马铃薯占
总产量的比例都较大。我国马铃薯的加工利用较为落后，但随着我国食品加工
业的发展马铃薯加工业发展很快。马铃薯加工等过程中的褐变一直是～个重要
的问题。甚至对于鲜薯，贮藏等过程中防止褐变也是非常需要重视的问题。褐
变会使果蔬产品的感观、道等多种重要品质发生下降。因此对于包括马铃薯
在内的很多果蔬，防止褐变一直是一个重要的研究领域。而在马铃薯等果蔬中
导致酶促褐变的一种催化酶就是多酚氧化酶。[4]
随着印染工业的发展,染料的生产规模日益增大,种类也日益繁多,现在全
世界每年大约生产80万吨的染料,且根据美国C.I.(ColorIndex),目前染料已有