大型湿地植物对水产养殖废水中矿质元素和重金属富集特征分析
毕业论文关键词：水产养殖废水；潜流湿地；湿地植物；矿质元素；重金属元素；生物富集
Accumulation characteristics of mineral nutrients and heavy metals in aquaculture wastewater by four species
oflarge wetland plants
Abstract: [Objectives]：Harvest different aquatic plants from wetlands, and analyse their element.Accumulation.Then,concentrationdynamic process of mineral nutrients and heavy metals by aquatic plants are analysed to explore and identify the feasibility of using mixed cultivation of aquatic plants for bioremediation. [Methods] The test was carried on at the freshwater aquaculture test site, where four large-scale submerged wetland plants, Canna indica, Iris tectorum, Phragmites australis and Thalia dealbata, were collected in different seasons. Their plant growth condition, concentration and accumulation of mineral nutrition and heavy metal elements of above ground parts were clearly revealed. [Results] Compared with other three plants, P. australis had better growth recovery, and its biomass was obviously higher than that of other three plants in spring comes after winter. Except for P. australis, there is little difference between I. tectorum and T. dealbata in the biomass, and growth recovery of C. indica is bottom. With the coming of summer and autumn, four of them grow quickly, especially the C. indica and then the T. dealbata. C. indica, I. tectorum, P. australis and T. dealbata, all of them, had a very strong ability to absorb the nitrogen (N). Moreover, C. indica had the strongest adsorption capacity to Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), etc. I. tectorum had a stronger adsorption capacity to P, calcium (Ca) and Mg, etc. P. australis had a strong adsorption capacity to sulfur (S), Iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), etc. T. dealbata had a strong adsorption capacity to S and Mg. [Conclusions] C. indica had a better capacity to absorb the accumulated chemical elements in cultured wastewater than that of I. tectorum, P. australis and T. dealbata. In this kind of freshwater aquaculture base, C. indica, I. tectorum, P. australis and T. dealbata had a complementary capacity of concentrating different kinds of chemical elements, which demonstrates that mixed planting to remediate the sewage is feasible.
Key words: Aquaculture wastewater; Subsurface constructed wetland; Wetland plant; Mineral element; Heavy metal element; Biological concentration
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