摘  要线粒体DNA没有重组，突变率高，用作遗传分析灵敏度相对较高。因此本研究通过PCR-SSCP技术、DNA测序技术等，对秦川牛线粒体16S rRNA基因的遗传的多态性进行了分析，在此基础上对该基因的多态性和秦川牛的体尺性状表现进行相关关系研究，从中得到突变基因对秦川牛生长发育性状的遗传效应，为秦川牛的繁殖育种、产肉性能的提高提供科学的依据。结果表明线粒体16S rRNA存在多个遗传多态性，P1位点表现为A1A1 和A1B1两种基因型，其频率分别为0.282和0.718。A1等位基因频率为0.641，B1等位基因频率为0.359，A1为优势等位基因。P1位点不同基因型对秦川牛生长性状影响不显著（P>0.05）；P2位点表现为A2A2和A2B2两种基因型，A2等位基因频率为0.210，B2等位基因频率为0.790。P2位点不同基因型对秦川牛体高、十字部高、体长、胸围、尻长等生长性状影响显著（P<0.05），存在相关性。69169

该论文有图5幅，表13个，参考文献12篇

毕业论文关键词：秦川牛  16S rRNA  PCR-SSCP  多态性  生长性状

Cattle Mitochondrial 16s rRNA Genes Features and Growth Character Relationship Analysis

Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA is no recombination, mutation rate is relatively high.Genetic analysis of mitochondrial used as a relatively high sensitivity .Therefore, this study of genetic polymorphisms in Qinchuan cattle mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were analyzed by PCR-SSCP technique, DNA sequencing technology. Based on this study the correlation between this gene polymorphism and body size traits of Qinchuan ,we derive mutated gene on growth traits in Qinchuan genetic effects, provide a scientific basis for breeding breeding, meat production increase Qinchuan. The results showed that P1 site showed two genotypes A1A1 and A1B1, whose frequencies were 0.282 and 0.718. A1 allele frequency of 0.641, B1 allele frequency of 0.359, A1 allele is an advantage. P1 different genotypes affect Qinchuan growth traits was not significant (P> 0.05), there is no correlation. P2 site showed two genotypes A2A2 and A2B2, A2 allele frequency of 0.21, B2 allele was 0.79. P2 different genotypes affect Qinchuan growth traits significant (P <0.05), there is a correlation.

Key  words: Qinchuan  16S rRNA  PCR-SSCP  Polymorphism  Growth Traits

目录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

图清单 IV

表清单 IV

1绪论 1

2材料与方法 2

2.1实验动物 2

2.2实验药品和试剂 2

2.3仪器设备 3

2.4实验方法 3

3结果与分析 6

3.1从血液中提取基因组DNA 6

3.2 PCR-SSCP结果、测序结果和分析 7

4讨论 11

4.1线粒体在进化遗传学研究中的优势 11

4.2 线粒体16S rRNA基因特征结果分析 11

5结论 12

参考文献 13

致 谢 14

图清单

图序号 图名称