摘  要线粒体DNA 12S rRNA基因具有高度保守性，在国内外逐渐被应用于多种研究。本研究主要采用DNA测序和PCR-SSCP方法，检测秦川牛mtDNA12S rRNA基因的遗传特征，分析其基因特征与生长性状之间的关系，为中国秦川牛种质资源的保护与高效利用以及建立分子标记数据库提供科学依据。结果显示：秦川牛mtDNA12S rRNA基因存在遗传多态性，发现2个多态位点，位点1检测到T1T1和C1C1两种基因型，其基因型频率分别为0.538、0.462。 T1、C1等位基因频率分别为0.5385、0.4615，多态信息含量为0.497，属于中度多态；位点2检测到C2C2和T2T2两种基因型，其基因型频率分别为0.474和0.526，C2、T2等位基因频率分别为0.4744、0.5256，多态性信息含量为0.499，也属于中度多态。经线粒体DNA 12S rRNA基因不同基因型与秦川牛9个生长性状关联分析，位点1和位点2不同基因型与秦川牛生长性状都无显著影响（P>0.05）。 71675

       该论文有图5幅，表21个，参考文献16篇。

毕业论文关键词：秦川牛  线粒体DNA 12S rRNA  PCR-SSCP  基因特征  生长性状

Studies on the Relationship between Genetic Feature and Growth Traits of mtDNA 12S rRNA Gene in Qinchuan Cattle

Abstract Mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA gene is highly conserved, at home and abroad is gradually applied to various studies. This study uses DNA sequencing and PCR-SSCP method to analyze the genetic characteristics of Qinchuan mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA gene, which analyze the relationship between growth traits and genetic characteristics, in order to protect China Qinchuan germplasm and  use molecular markers efficiently and provide a scientific basis for the establishment of a database . The  analysis showed: mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA genes exit genetic polymorphisms and found two loci. Locus 1 showed T1T1 and C1C1 genotypes, genotype frequencies were 0.538,0.462. T1, C1 allele frequencies were 0.5385,0.4615,polymorphic information content was 0.497,which belongs to moderate polymorphisms. Site 2 showed C2C2 and T2T2 genotypes, genotype frequencies were 0.474 and 0.526, C2, T2 allele frequencies were 0.4744,0.5256 ,polymorphic information content was 0.499,which belongs to moderate polymorphisms. Analysis that different genotypes of mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA gene compared with nine different growth traits shows that different genotypes of site 1 and site 2  had no significant effect on Qinchuan growth traits (P> 0.05).

Key Words: Qinchuan Cattle  mtDNA 12S rRNA  PCR-SSCP  Gene Characters  Growth Traits 

目  录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

目录 Ⅲ

图清单 Ⅳ

表清单 Ⅳ

1 绪论 1

2 实验材料 2

2.1 实验动物 2

2.2 分子生物学相关试剂 2

2.3 相关普通试剂 2

2.4 溶液与缓冲液 2

2.5 血样基因组DNA提取所用溶液 2

2.6 琼脂糖电泳分析所用溶液 3

2.7 PCR-SSCP分析所用溶液 3

3 实验方法 4

3.1 提取全血基因组DNA 4

3.2 DNA质量的电泳检测 4

3.3 引物设计 4