改性细菌纤维素吸油特性的研究
摘要：细菌纤维素是一种天然的生物高聚物，具有高保水性、高吸水性、高纯度、高机械强度等优良特性。当今许多溢油事故处理、土壤污染修复剂和工业废水中的重金属吸附剂等多使用纤维素的吸油材料。纤维素吸油材料相对化学吸油材料有降解快、降解后对环境无污染等优点。在本研究中我们将对细菌纤维素进行改性并进行其疏水吸油特性进行研究。通过培养木醋杆菌，使其产生细菌纤维素，再将细菌纤维素浸泡，碱洗，冻干等一系列操作对其进行清洗纯化，随后加入三种改性剂进行改性（十八烷基三氯硅烷、三甲基氯硅烷、聚苯胺等）。改性后再进行吸油实验，通过红外，SEM，热重等方法，观察改性前后其结构的改变。经过分析之后聚苯胺改性BC的吸油效果最好，相对于未改性的BC提升了124%。75022
关键词：细菌纤维素；吸油；改性。
Study on Oil Absorption Characteristics of Modified Bacterial Cellulose
Abstract: Bacterial cellulose is a natural bio-polymer, which has excellent features of high water retention, high water absorption, high purity and high mechanical strength。 Nowadays, the oil absorption material was commonly applied to deal with oil spill handling, soil remediation agents and industrial waste water in the heavy metal adsorbents is the cellulose。 Comparing with chemical oil-absorbing material, cellulose oil-absorbing material has more advantages such as a rapid degradation without pollution。 So in this study we investigate the modification of bacterial cellulose with the respect of oil absorption。 Firstly, the Acetobacterium was cultivated to produce bacterial cellulose。 Then, the bacterial cellulose was purified by soaking, alkali washing and freeze-drying。 After taking a series of operations, three modifiers was added to modify which are Octadecyltrichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane and polyaniline。 The structure of the modified BC was observed through the FT-IR, SEM,TGA and DTG。 And the oil absorption experiment was carried out to value the effect of the modification。 After analysis, the oil effect of polyaniline modified BC was the best, which was 124% higher than that of unmodified BC。
Key Words:bacterial cellulose; oil absorption; modification。
目录
1 绪论 1
1。1 细菌纤维素概况 1
1。1。1细菌纤维素的理化性质 1
1。1。2细菌纤维素用途 1
1。2改性剂的基本理化性质 2
1。2。1三甲基氯硅烷 2
1。2。2十八烷基三氯硅烷 3
1。2。3聚苯胺 3
2 实验部分 7
2。1实验目的 7
2。1。1 实验材料与仪器 7
2。2 细菌纤维素的制备 9
2。3细菌纤维素的纯化 9
2。4细菌纤维素改性吸油的机理及改性方法 9
2。5 细菌纤维素改性吸油表征 10
2。5。1 傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR)仪 10
2。5。2 扫描电子显微镜（SEM) 10
2。5。3 热重分析（TGA)仪 11
2。5。4 吸油能力 11
3结果分析与讨论