摘要“彩棉”又称为天然彩色棉花，是一种天然纤维具有色彩的棉花。天然彩棉的颜色是棉纤维中色彩腔细胞在分化和发育过程中色素物质沉积的结果。根据记载，原始天然彩棉原产于美洲大陆，远在几千年前秘鲁土著民族就曾种植和使用过彩棉，而我国最早种植彩棉的记载是1819年江浙一带曾用紫色花棉(棕色)织成的布匹出口到欧洲。随着纺织和印染工业的快速发展和育种技术的成熟，人们把培育出的纤维品质好、产量高的白色棉的纤维经过特殊染色方式纺织成绮丽多彩的布料，而原始天然彩棉由于色泽不稳定、纤维品质差、产量低等缺点而不被重视，不断被使用价值大的白色棉所取代。然而随着技术的进步和绿色环保理念的推广，天然彩棉又再次进入人们的视野。彩棉与普通棉花的不同主要区别在彩棉花青素和普通棉花花青素。彩棉花青素在人类主要日常生活的利用上有十分大的前景，是自然界一类广泛存在于植物中并具有水溶性天然色素，可以随着细胞液的酸碱而改变颜色，属类黄酮化合物。花青素为人类发展提供了非常多的好处。在维持人体身体健康这方面，它是一种强有力的抗氧化剂，它不仅能增强人体血管的弹性，更能够改善循环系统和增进皮肤的光滑度，并抑制炎症和过敏，改善关节柔韧度等作用；在人类的生产工业方面，它也能大大促进其发展，比如用于制造成化妆品，保健品等。但是，目前食品工业上所用的色素基本上是合成色素，几乎都有不同程度深浅不一的毒性，长期使用非常容易危害人的健康，因此天然色素就越来越能吸引科研领域的关注。由于至今国内市场上仍没有花青素纯品，所以提取到高纯度的花青素对花色苷类色素的深入研究与开发提供了许多必备的表征条件和理论依据，这些依据更有助于它的工业等方面的利用。75214

Abstract  "Cotton" also known as the natural color of cotton, is a kind of natural color cotton fiber has。The color of natural colored cotton is cotton fiber color color pigment deposition chamber cells during differentiation and development results。According to historical records, the original natural colored cotton originating in America，Thousands of years ago the indigenous peoples of Peru had grown and used cotton,In China, the earliest planting cotton recorded in 1819 in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have used purple flowers (brown) cotton woven cloth export to Europe。With the rapid development of textile and printing and dyeing industry and the maturity of breeding technology，People put out the cultivation of good fiber quality, high yield white cotton fibers through special dyeing methods of textile colorful cloth。While the original color of natural colored cotton due to instability, poor quality fiber, low yield and not being taken seriously，Constant being replaced by a large white cotton。However, with the progress of technology and the promotion of the idea of green environmental protection,Natural colored cotton again into people's vision。Colored cotton and common cotton, the main difference in different color cotton and common cotton, green pigment anthocyanin。The use of cotton and cotton in the daily life of human beings is very big，Is a kind of natural widely existing in plants and has water soluble natural pigment，Can change color with the acidity of the cell fluid,Flavonoid compounds。Anthocyanins provide a lot of benefits for human development。In maintaining the health of the human body,It is a powerful antioxidant,It can not only enhance the elasticity of human blood vessels,It can improve circulation and enhance skin smoothness and suppress inflammation and allergy, improve joint flexibility;In the human production industry,It can also greatly promote its development,For example, used in the manufacture of cosmetics, health products, etc。But, at present, the pigment used in the food industry is basically a synthetic pigment,Almost all have different shades of toxicity, long-term use is likely to harm people's health,Natural pigment is attracting more and more attention in the field of scientific research。Because there are still no pure products in the domestic market,Therefore, the extraction of high purity anthocyanins provides a lot of necessary characterization conditions and theoretical basis for the further research and development of anthocyanins,These bases are more conducive to the use of its industry and other areas。