摘  要麦冬是百合科山麦冬属和沿阶草属的部分植物的统称，药用价值和绿化价值都非常高。本研究在对浙江麦冬种质资源进行了调查与收集的基础上，通过开发麦冬SSR标记，冰利用SSR标记分析了16份麦冬种质的遗传多样性。主要结果如下：76633

1。 系统调查浙江所有用麦冬作为名字的植物，总结与考证麦冬各个种的中英文名，于浙江各地（主要以杭州为主）采集各类麦冬共16份。

2。 建立高效的麦冬DNA提取法，分离出麦冬中高质量的DNA，利用试剂盒提取DNA，提取纯度更高，并且可以满足多种分子生物学实验要求。

3。 通过NCBI上的麦冬DNA序列，我们发掘了102个SSR位点，并从中成功开发了麦冬SSR标记52个，可用于麦冬种质资源鉴定和遗传多样性评估。

4。设计高效的聚丙烯酞胺凝胶电泳和银染方法，银染后染色背景浅、节省试剂、操作方便。

5。 通过开发的52对引物对16份麦冬种质进行遗传多样性检测，发现宁波慈溪地理来源的浙麦冬相对其他地方的麦冬种质资源，遗传背景较为单一；浙江省内其他地理来源的麦冬与宁波慈溪地理来源的麦冬具有一定的遗传差异；川麦冬和浙麦冬有明显的遗传差异；磐安阔叶麦冬与浙麦冬、川麦冬和其他麦冬有明显的遗传差异。

所以，通过本项目的研究，我们建议：为了保证浙江省麦冬产业的健康可持续发展，我们迫切需要引进其他地区的优良种质资源，以进行遗传改良和新品种选育。

关键词  : 麦冬，遗传多样性 种质资源，SSR标记

Abstract

Ophiopogon japonicus (L。f。) Ker-Gawl is a type of Chinese herbal medicine which general designation of a part of Liriope and Ophiopogon genus in Liliaeeae。 O。 japonicus have high value in medicinal and afforestation。 In present study, based on the investigation and collection of O。 japonicus germplasm resources, we developed SSR markers and used them to study the genetic persity of 16 resources。 The main results are as follows: 

1。 Both the English name and Chinese name were summarized and verified for the species that used as “Maidong” in Chinese herbal medicine, and collected 15 germplasm resources of O。 japonicas and one L。 platyphylla。 

2。 Establishing a high quality genomic DNA extraction methods of O。 japonicas by the improved Ezup method。 High quality genomic DNA extracted by this method from the leaves of O。 japonicas could be used in a variety of molecular biology experiments。 

3。 The availability of cDNAs in GenBank became an alternative source of mining simple sequence repeat (SSR)。 We analyzed 545 O。 japonicas cDNA sequences available in NCBI, and found 102 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci comprising repeats of one or two or more nucleotides in 83 cDNA sequences。 52 of them can be designed with primers that successfully amplified expect product。 All these 52 primer pairs can be used for gernplasm resources identification and genetic persity evaluation。 

4。 A rapid and efficient Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining method was established。 Compared with conventional methods, the total time of gel making, electrophoresis, silver staining process can be shortened by about 3 hours。 And the silver staining method established in this study not only had a clear staining background, but also saving reagents and easy to operate。 

5。 The genetic persity evaluation results from SSR markers showed that the germplasm resources from Cixi Ningbo have relatively single genetic background, but the resources with other geographical origin have larger genetic difference; the Sichuan resources have obviously genetic difference with Zhejiang resources; the L。 platyphylla resources from Pan’an Zhejiang also has obviously genetic difference with all the O。 japonicas resources。