摘要区间估计是预测方法中的一种,预测的过程是预见、分析某一种活动将来可能发生的变化。而对于一个未知量,人们在测量或者计算时,常不以得到近似值为满足,还需要估计误差,既要求知道近似值的精确程度,还需要估计出一个范围,并希望知道这个范围包含参数真值的可信程度,这样的范围通常以区间的形式给出,因此我们引入了区间估计的定义,并研究区间估计的相关性质。
本文在区间估计以及其性质的研究基础上,分别选择了工农业中的一些产品对其产量进行区间估计,由于这些产品的产量数据是时间序列数据,因此在数据的处理过程中运用了时间序列的趋势预测对有线性趋势的变量先建立趋势模型,然后预测出其估计值,最后根据估计值得到置信区间;对于没有明显的趋势,但又有随机波动的数据,本文采用移动平均的方法进行估计值的计算,最终得到所求的置信区间;因此对工业以及农业当中的一些产品的产量进行分析,最后估计出下一期可能的产量区间。86403
毕业论文关键词:区间估计;趋势预测;移动平均;工农业生产。
Abstract Interval estimation is one kind of forecasting method, and the forecasting process is to predict and analyze the possible changes of a certain activity in the future。 And for an unknown quantity, people in measurement or calculation, often do not to obtain an approximation to meet, also need to estimate error, know the approximate value of the degree of precision, also need to estimate a range, and would like to know the scope includes the true values of parameters of credible degree, the scope of this usually given in form of interval, so we introduce the interval estimation is defined, and the interval estimation of related properties。
Based on the interval estimation and its properties on the basis of the research, choose some products of industry and agriculture in the interval estimation on the yield, as the yield data of these products is the time series data, so using the trend of time series of pre measured variables to establish the linear trend model in the process of data processing then, predict its estimated value, according to estimates to confidence interval; for no obvious trend, but there are random fluctuations in the data, this paper adopts the method of moving average calculation of the estimate, finally get the confidence interval for the analysis of some products; therefore, the industrial and agricultural production。 Finally, the estimated yield interval may be the next period。
Keywords: Interval estimation; Trend prediction; Moving average; Industrial and agricultural production。
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1。1 区间估计在工农业生产中的应用背景及意义 1
1。3 论文主要工作 1
第二章 区间估计简述 2
2。1 区间估计的定义 2
2。2 区间估计的特点 2
2。2 区间估计的要求 2
2。3 区间估计的方法 3
第三章 区间估计与工农业生产 4
3。1 数据 4
3。2 数据分析 7
3。3 估计值的计算 9
3。5 区间估计 13