Contents

List of abbreviations 1

List of Tables 2

1。 Introduction 3

1。1 Background of the Study 3

1。2 Objective of the Study 4

1。3 Significance of the Study 4

1。4 Organization of the Study 4

2。 Literature Review 5

2。1 An Introduction to Multimodal Analysis 5

2。1。1 Definition of Multimodality 5

2。1。2 Multimodal Discourse Analysis 5

2。1。3 Previous Studies of Multimodality 6

2。2 Studies of EFL MOOCs 6

2。2。1 An Introduction to MOOC 6

2。2。2 Previous Researches of EFL MOOCs 7

2。3 Summary of Previous Studies 7

3。 Theoretical Framework 8

3。1 Multimodal Analysis Approach and Systematic Grammar 8

3。2 Methodology and Data 9

3。2。1 Choice of EFL MOOCs 10

3。2。2 MMAVIDEO Software 11

4。 A Multimodal Analysis of Chinese and American EFL MOOCs 12

4。1 Linguistic Features of American & Chinese EFL MOOCs 12

4。1。1 Pure-linguistic Modalities 12

4。1。2 Textual Modalities 17

4。2 Non-linguistic Construction of American & Chinese EFL MOOCs 18

4。2。1 Physical Modalities 18

4。3。2 Non-physical Modalities 20

4。3 Summary 22

5。 Conclusion 23

5。1 Major Findings 23

5。2 Suggestions for Chinese Massive Open Online EFL Speaking classes 23

6。 References 25

List of Abbreviations

EFL: English as a Foreign Language MOOC: Massive Open Online Course L2: Second Language

SFL: Systemic Functional Linguistics