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The novel has a unique vision and structure and is out of the mainstream of the contemporary literature, and the characters are different from many other contemporary novel characters. In 1847 Victorian literature was very popular and was the major trend. Victorian novels tended to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably pueblo. It was a principle that those who struggled to attain morality would most probably achieved positive results in the end, so it was not easy for people to accept such a novel like Wuthering Heights. It was not until 20th century people found out the greatness of Wuthering Heights which explores human nature in another aspect. From then on, Wuthering Heights aroused various interpretations not only in Britain but all over the world. There were numerous studies on the novel, character and writing style of the novel and it never seemed to be exhausted.
1.2 The Introduction of The Golden Cangue
The Golden Cangue is one of Eileen Chang’s masterpieces which makes a deep analysis about human nature. The Golden Cangue describes the tragic life of the main character CaoQiQiao, about her frustrated and unhappy youth to her malevolent and mad age. CaoQiQiao was born into a family which owned a sesame oil store and was of low social status. When she grew up she married the paralytic second son of a wealthy upper-class family. The marriage was actually against her will since she longed for a love life of an ordinary woman. The only reason she married the paralytic second son was for the family’s financial strength. Later she had more and more lust and her personality distorted. She blamed all her misfortunes to the reality and decided to revenge. She not only ruined her own happiness but also ruined happiness of people around her. She sabotaged her son’s marriage by humiliating her daughter in law and partly led to the death of her. Then she broke the relationship between her daughter and her fiance.”Her flat, sharp voice cut people around her like a razor blade” (Fu,1981:557) Cao wore a golden cangue for thirty years and like a sharp blade she hurt many people. No one could escape from her revenge. The Golden Cangue now is known as one of the greatest medium-length novels in contemporary literature of China. Famous Chinese translator and writer FuLei regards The Golden Cangue as the greatest among all Eileen Chang’s works, and is very similar to the great writer LuXun’s Diary of a Madman and he defined The Golden Cangue as one beautiful harvest in Chinese Literature. ( 2001:85). XiaZhiQing once said that The Golden Cangue was the best novella in China( 2001:60)