2。2 An overview on the English subtitle translation文献综述 

With the rapid development of science and technology, subtitle translation has been attached more and more attention to, although, no systematic theory about subtitle translation is proposed。 Therefore, many academic institutes are devoted to studying the projects。 Due to the different concerns and focal points, they give different definition of subtitle, which makes it essential to choose the right definition of “subtitle”。

In general, with the films becoming more and more popular in Europe, the film translation has also experienced great development。 From the late 1950s to early 1960s, western scholars began to study audiovisual translation。 In 1974, a book named On Subtitles in Television Programmes in Bable written by Dollerup came out, in which Dollerup had a discussion on various errors about subtitle translation existing in a TV program。 In 1982, Lucien Marleau, a French scholar, not only discussed the different matters about subtitles but also make a classification on those problems。 

The development of film subtitle translation during the 1990s played a crucial role in the whole development of it。 In 1991, two important books--- Subtitling for the Media and Overcoming Language Barriers in Television came out, which supplied an exceedingly detailed history of subtitles。 Overcoming Language Barriers in Television written by Luyken professionally analyzed the language transformation in films。 In addition, the book also listed a large amount of data in order to study the European film scientifically and systematically。 Ivarsson, in 1992, elaborated the technical limitations of subtitling, which also contributed a lot to subtitle translation。 Since 1995,Western film subtitle translation has witnessed a rapid development, which mainly owed to the tremendous efforts of Gambier, Henrik Gottlieb and Mr。Kanta。 All of them made great contributions to the development of subtitle translation。