（3）塔板数：41块

（4）进料口：第38层塔板

（5）塔型：浮阀塔

（6）塔径：6m

（7）塔高：28。4m

（8）汽油侧线采出：塔顶

（9）煤油侧线采出：第11块板

（10）轻柴油侧线采出：第23块板

（11）重柴油侧线采出：第33块板

毕业论文关键词：石油化工；原油蒸馏；塔设备

Process Design of Crude Oil Distillation Unit of 4。8 Million Tons / Year

Abstract: Oil is a lifeline to promote national economic development and maintain national stability。 But the oil can not be directly for cars, aircraft, ships and other transport engine fuel, can not directly for lubricants, solvent oil, oil and other products used, must go through a variety of processing in order to obtain a variety of quality requirements Petroleum products。 Crude oil is an extremely complex mixture。 It can be pided into straight-run gasoline, kerosene, light diesel oil or heavy diesel oil fraction and various lubricating oil fractions and residue oil by distillation of crude oil according to the product plan。 Crude oil processing program, the basic content of what products are produced and what kind of processing to produce these products。 The determination of crude oil processing schemes depends on a number of factors, such as market needs, economic benefits, investment intensity and crude oil characteristics。 Theoretically any kind of crude oil can be used to produce a variety of petroleum products, but if the selected processing program to adapt to the characteristics of crude oil, you can do with the smallest input to get the maximum output。

Crude oil distillation is the first oil processing indispensable process, it is usually called crude oil distillation for a processing, other processing processes are secondary processing。 These semi-finished products obtained in the distillation process are properly refined and reconciled to become qualified products, can also be pided according to different production processes for some of the secondary processing process used in raw materials, such as reforming raw materials, catalytic cracking materials and hydrocracking raw materials Etc。, in order to further improve the yield of light oil or improve product quality。

Common crude oil distillation process is three sections of vaporization。 The design of the most basic initial distillation - atmospheric pressure - decompression of three sections of vaporization, for example, concise and clear the introduction of this process。 After the extraction of crude oil containing water and salt, so first after dehydration and desalination pretreatment。 And then heated to 230 ~ 240 ° C into the primary distillation tower, the temperature of the primary distillation tower has been able to make part of the internal light gasoline separated, so this part of the light directly into the finished product, the other part of the return to the top of the return。 After the initial distillation of the material for heat transfer is pided into two parts, part of the atmospheric pressure into the tower began to atmospheric distillation, the other part of the distillation column back to the original distillation。

In the production of crude oil distillation, tower equipment is one of the most important equipment, tower equipment performance, affecting the entire petrochemical industry and even produce the product quality and production capacity。 According to the relevant information reported, tower equipment investment and metal consumption, in the whole process equipment accounted for a large proportion, so the chemical industry attaches great importance to the tower equipment design and research。

1。 Design the objectives of the task

The purpose of this project is to reduce the current domestic crude oil handling capacity of the problem, and to further build large domestic refineries to provide a reference。 Process in accordance with the common three-stage vaporization, due to the limited capacity of the designer, the design of hydrogenation and decompression and other secondary processing technology stage is not designed to calculate, so this design focuses on the process of atmospheric distillation tower design, other devices will To shop layout diagram to explain。